Acciones e Investigaciones Sociales is the scientific journal of the Faculty of Social and Labour Sciences of the University of Zaragoza (Spain). The journal is multidisciplinary in nature, and includes articles related to the different scientific disciplines taught at the Centre: Labour Relations, Labour Market, Labour Law, Business Accounting, Social Work, Social Services, Social Policy, Social Economy, Welfare State, etc. Its current focus is on the dissemination of original and innovative research in the social field at national and international level. Papers from social sciences such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, social work, social education, legal sciences, law, economics and business, provided they are related to social work, social intervention, and the labor field. Since 2013, the journal has been continuously published on an annual basis. The journal has not revenue sources and does not use advertising nor direct marketing activities. ISSN-e 2340-4507 ISSN 1132-192X DOI 10.26754/ojs_ais/23404507
Universidad de Zaragoza (España). Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y del Trabajo
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Community innovation for the detection and coordination of women with addictions and gender-based violence:the GPS UNAD-Diversitas-USAL pilot model in Spain
This article presents the design and theoretical basis of the GPS UNAD-Diversitas-USAL, a community intervention proposal developed in Spain to improve institutional coordination in the care of women with addictions who are victims of gender-based violence. Based on the recognition of the limited connection between specialized addiction resources and services for this type of violence, the model builds a practical framework inspired by the ecological approach and the principles of learning communities. The proposal places women at the centre of the process, recognising the complexity of their trajectories and the need for comprehensive care, built jointly from a gender perspective and appropriate to the territorial context. The article presents the model, including its key dimensions, the principles that guide its development and its implementation phases, as well as its application in two pilot communities. The experience is described based on observations made during the accompaniment of both processes, which made it possible to document how alliances between resources were built, what tools were collectively generated, and what adjustments were necessary to adapt the model to local dynamics. The model has relevant implications for public policy, as it shows that a more coordinated intervention requires institutional conditions that favour the commitment of the actors involved, collaborative work and the sustainability of local networks, thus enabling responses that are more sensitive to the complexity of the realities of the women affected.
Copyright (c) 2025 Esther Garcia-Valverde, Amaia Yurrebaso Macho, Eva María Picado Valverde, Raquel Guzmán Ordaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Cyber dating victimization in young people: Relationship with perceived stress, depression, suicidal ideation and sexting
Cyber dating violence in young people has been linked to risky behaviors, such as sexting, and this relationship can have serious mental health implications. However, the predictive value of these variables in partner cybervictimization has not been explored in depth. This study analyzed partner cybervictimization in young people according to the intensity of bullying (moderate and severe), and its relationship with perceived stress, depression, suicidal ideation, sexting and sextortion. The sample consisted of 514 participants, 247 males (48.1%) and 267 females (51.9%) aged 18-30 years (M = 22.3; SD = 3.60). Nonparametric statistical analyses were performed, including Spearman correlations, one-way analysis of variance with Games-Howell post-hoc comparisons, and multiple linear regressions. Results showed a positive relationship between partner cybervictimization, perceived stress, depression, suicidal ideation, and sexting. Severe victims of cyberbullying and cyberaggression showed significantly lower scores on psychological adjustment compared to moderate and non-victims. Regarding sextortion, severe victims presented higher scores than non-victims. In addition, depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation were predictors of cybervictimization by direct aggression and control, with sextortion standing out as a predictor of cybercontrol. These findings evidence the need for intervention programs that prevent cyberviolence and promote healthy couple relationships.
Copyright (c) 2025 LAURA CARRASCOSA, Jessica Ortega-Barón, Begoña Iranzo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The female face of migration: unveiling the livelihood strategies and struggles of displaced syrian women
This study explores the livelihood strategies, role transformations, and challenges experienced by Syrian refugee women in Turkey following forced migration. Using a qualitative phenomenological design, it captures women’s lived experiences while identifying structural and socio-cultural factors shaping their realities. Data were collected from 27 participants through semi-structured interviews, complemented by brief written reflections in which they listed their views immediately after the interview to refine thoughts and add insights that might not emerge in conversation. The interviews, conducted in Arabic with translator support, were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. To enhance interpretation, qualitative data were also “quantified” by calculating the frequency of recurring perceptions across the dataset. This approach highlighted prevalent themes while retaining narrative richness through selected quotations. Findings revealed that many participants, despite holding skilled occupations in Syria—such as lawyer, nurse, engineer, or teacher—shifted into informal, low-paid, or insecure work in Turkey, or remained unemployed. Structural barriers, including limited recognition of qualifications, bureaucratic obstacles to work permits, and labour market restrictions, hindered career continuity and reinforced economic precarity. Women also reported shifts in family livelihood roles, assuming greater economic responsibilities and reduced caregiving time, alongside multidimensional changes in economic, social, emotional, and cultural spheres. Reported challenges included low income, employment insecurity, lack of social networks, language barriers, and legal exclusion. The findings contribute to literature on forced migration and gender, offering policy-relevant insights for inclusive, gender-sensitive integration strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 mualla dikmen, Abdullah Karatay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
“Smiles and tears”: constraints, supports and attachment styles in the visibilisation of gays and lesbians
Public acceptance of homosexuality remains a contentious issue, characterised by both subtle and overt negative attitudes. The process of coming out as gay or lesbian is often fraught with difficulties, given the social presupposition of heterosexuality for both men and women. A positive family environment, characterised by strong emotional bonds, serves as a stabilising factor, thereby facilitating a positive visibility. The present research sought to identify the elements of support and limitations in the visibilisation of cisgender gay and lesbian adults in Catalonia (Spain), and to classify their attachment styles. A quantitative study was conducted, in which 241 gay men (n=121) and lesbian women (n=120) participated. An ad hoc survey and the CaMir-R adult attachment questionnaire were used as instruments. The results indicate that visibilisation is a complex process, with enablers grouped into two themes (relationships and emotional support) and constraints organised into three (diversity and relationships, identity and social perception, discrimination and adversity, and lack of support). The most prevalent secure attachment style (59.3%) was identified, followed by preoccupied (26.1%) and avoidant (14.5%). Insecure attachments are characterised by significant difficulties, while secure attachments are marked by significant support. In conclusion, understanding the experiences of gay men and lesbians should encourage the promotion of protective factors, such as supportive family and social relationships, that foster a positive coming-out process.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julio, Ainoa Mateos, Daniel Ortega-Ortigoza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The intersection of Social Cohesion, Women Resilience and social Justice in Rural Communities in Developing Nations
Harmful traditional practices in sub-Saharan Africa are still problems with national and global social justice implications. While it has quickly become neglected tropical issues at the global level, it is still a deep challenge to the indigenous population especially in the rural communities. The present study focused on understanding the interaction of social cohesion and traditional harmful practices among women in rural communities in Nigeria. The study involved 1098 married women from community-based organizations. Survey design was applied in the study, while questionnaire instrument developed from social cohesion scale (Peterson & Hughey, 2004) and Work-Related Quality of Life (WRQoL) Scale (Edwards and Easton, 2007) was used in collecting data from the respondents. The collected data were analysed using inferential statistics. According to the findings of the study, there is a negative correlation between social cohesion and vulnerability to Harmful traditional cultural practices (rho-.407, P< .01), vulnerability to Harmful traditional practices is predicted by socioeconomic variables (R2= 0.850 P< .000), while identification with social cohesion is predicted by socioeconomic variables (R2= 0.932 P< .000)
Copyright (c) 2025 Felicia Mbagwu, Elizaeth Obiozo, Samuel Okafor, Chioma Osilike, Chibuike Ochiagha, Kingsley Ogbonnaya, Ugwoke Ngozika, Ngozi Igwe, Mary Okengwu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Experiencing Early Violence and its Implications in Adulthood. An Analysis among Women Experiencing Homelessness in Different Cultural and Socioeconomic Contexts
Introduction. This article examines the experience of situations of violence before the age of 18 and its implications in adulthood among women experiencing homelessness (n=292) in four Spanish-speaking countries with significant socioeconomic and cultural differences: Spain (n=136), Argentina (n=72), Puerto Rico (n=54), and Nicaragua (n=30). Materials and Methods. Data were collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires, ensuring consistency in data collection and mitigating potential issues related to participants' reading and comprehension difficulties. Results. Women experiencing homelessness interviewed in all four countries had largely experienced physical or psychological violence, sexual assaults, and family-related violence before turning 18. Additionally, they had encountered multiple severe violent stressors, substance use-related problems, and suicide attempts in adulthood. The experience of childhood violence was particularly intense for some participants. A strong correlation was observed between childhood exposure to violence and substance use, self-harming behaviors, and experiences of violence after the age of 18. Discussion. It is essential to implement public policies, prevention programs, and gender-sensitive care interventions aimed at reducing both the number and intensity of violent situations experienced by women and girls at risk of social exclusion or homelessness.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Juan Vázquez, Adrián Cabrera , Malena Lenta , Alexia Suarez , Jorgelina Di Iorio , Sonia Panadero https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The art in policy Delphi practice: critical decisions for its design and application on foresight exercises
The Delphi method was initially developed in the mid-20th century as a tool for exploring future technological developments, and its variant known as the policy Delphi was developed in 1970 to incorporate the ideas of different stakeholder groups in foresight exercises. A review of more than one hundred exercises that employed this technique up to 2025 allows for a reflection on its practical implementation and on the crucial decisions involved during its design, execution, and analysis phases. Fourteen crucial decisions have been identified for the design, execution, as well as the analysis and interpretation of foresight exercises, which concern the balance in areas such as theoretical considerations, participation of all stakeholder groups, uncertainty management, breadth of analysis, methodological approaches, the use of collective expertise to examine policy instruments and decisions, case-based experiences, and decision-making informed by dominant patterns of thought.
Copyright (c) 2025 Silvia Vicente-Oliva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Beyond compensation: A cross-sectional study on the psychological and occupational impact of unjust dismissal in Colombia
Colombian legislation provides for a fixed compensation for unjustified dismissal, but its capacity to repair comprehensive damage is questioned. This study empirically investigates the impact of unjustified dismissal on psychological well-being and labor reintegration prospects of workers in Colombia, examining the mediating role of perceived injustice. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 250 Colombian workers who lost their jobs in the last 24 months, classified into three groups: unjustified dismissal (n=85), dismissal with just cause (n=75), and termination due to restructuring (n=90). Validated scales were used to measure psychological distress (K-10), perceived injustice, labor reintegration difficulty, and duration of unemployment. Workers who were dismissed unjustifiably reported significantly higher levels of psychological distress (F(2, 247) = 18.23, p < .001) and greater labor reintegration difficulty compared to other groups. Perceived injustice proved to be a robust predictor of psychological distress (β = 0.45, p < .001) and partially mediated the relationship between type of dismissal and distress. The findings provide empirical evidence that legal compensation is insufficient to mitigate the severe psychological and occupational impact of unjustified dismissal.
Copyright (c) 2025 Guillermo Alfonso Galindo Angel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Globalization and Economic Growth in Southeast Asian countries: The Role of Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment
This study explores the impact of trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth and sustainable socioeconomic development in Southeast Asian countries, considering their diverse economic structures and policy frameworks. Utilizing panel ARDL methods, the findings demonstrate that trade openness and FDI significantly drive economic growth, with differential effects across the region. Advanced economies like Singapore and Brunei capitalize on robust financial systems and global market integration to maximize economic benefits. Industrializing nations, including Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, and the Philippines, leverage FDI and export growth but face challenges from inadequate infrastructure and governance issues, limiting equitable socioeconomic outcomes. Less-developed countries such as Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Timor-Leste struggle to harness globalization’s potential due to weak industrial bases and institutional barriers, exacerbating vulnerabilities to market volatility. The study underscores the need for robust economic policies, transparent governance, and sustainable strategies to balance economic growth with social inclusion and environmental protection, contributing to resilient socioeconomic development in Southeast Asia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tan Nguyen, Thuong, Duc Luu Huu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Life satisfaction and internet and screen use among older adults in Spain
The use of screens and the use of the Internet has an essential effect on the quality of life of older adults, however, there is a lack of studies that reflect how this use affects life satisfaction. This study investigates the relationships between Internet use and life satisfaction among older adults and exploits the mediating role of social interaction both on and off the Internet. 1274 participants aged 68 years (732 women and 542 men). Among the respondents, 54% were people who attended senior centers (688 people), and the rest were people who did not attend senior centers. The results indicated that Internet use is related to life satisfaction among older adults and that social interaction outside the Internet mediated Internet use. Our findings suggest that Internet use could improve the lives of older adults by encouraging offline social interaction. Therefore, society should create environments to help older adults socialize with virtual society to enhance offline social interaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Victor Renobell, Mariela Gómez-Ponce, Silvia Fuentes-de-Frutos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Predictors of addiction to work among Brazilian postgraduate university professors
Excessive and compulsive working have been characterized as a key aspect of work addiction. Postgraduate professors with master's and doctoral degrees are susceptible to work addiction, a significant psychosocial issue. The goal of this research was to find out how common workaholism is and to examine how sociodemographic factors, job-related factors, and psychosocial issues influence its two main aspects (working too much and feeling compelled to work) among 302 university professors in Brazil. We employed the sociodemographic and work-related questionnaires, Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS), and the Copenhague Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-II) as research instruments. The results indicated a prevalence of workaholism of 15.6% in the sample. The excessive work dimension was predicted by higher work commitment, higher work demands (quantitative, cognitive, and emotional), and higher remuneration. In addition, being a woman and having less experience as a university professor were also predictors of higher excessive work scores. The compulsive work dimension was predicted by higher work demands (quantitative and emotional), higher work commitment and remuneration, and by younger age and level of freedom. The findings suggest that both personal and organizational steps are necessary for prevention and rehabilitation initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mary Sandra Carlotto, Sheila Gonçalves-Câmara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Profiles of Racist/Antiracist Attitudes and Behaviours Among Spanish Youth. A Cluster Analysis.
This study examines the racist and anti-racist attitudes and behaviours of Spanish youth within a context of growing cultural diversity. The main objective is to identify divergent profiles among young people (aged 15–29) based on their attitudes and behaviours towards racism, and to determine the variables that characterise these profiles, with the aim of informing inclusive educational and policy interventions. The methodology involved a cluster analysis (K-means technique) conducted on a representative sample of 1,200 young people residing in Spain. Data was collected via online surveys (CAWI) using validated questionnaires. Five indices were developed to measure racist and anti-racist attitudes and behaviours, which were then analysed statistically to define the clusters. The results revealed three distinct clusters: Cluster 1 (“High manifestation of racist behaviours”), mainly composed of men, with the highest levels of aggressive and discriminatory behaviours, as well as high levels of victimisation; Cluster 2 (“Predominance of racist attitudes”), also predominantly male, showed high levels of social and relational racism, but fewer reported racist behaviours; Cluster 3 (“Predominance of anti-racist attitudes and behaviours”), the largest group and mostly women, presented the lowest levels of racism and the highest levels of anti-racism, despite some reported experiences of discrimination. The conclusions highlight the importance of variables such as gender, political ideology, religiosity, family context, and social diversity in shaping these profiles. The study underscores the need for tailored educational strategies, the promotion of critical thinking to counteract hate speech, and stronger collaboration between families, schools and communities to foster inclusive values. Finally, it stresses the value of continued quantitative research in this field to better refine the characterisation of these youth profiles.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tatiana Íñiguez Berrozpe, Carmen Elboj Saso, Ana Gracia Gil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Problematic Cannabis Use in the University Setting: Analysis of Differential Factors and Polysubstance Use Patterns.
Problematic cannabis use among university students represents a multidimensional public health challenge, closely linked to early substance use initiation, polysubstance patterns, and specific sociodemographic vulnerabilities. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of problematic cannabis use in a large sample of Galician university students, and to explore differential factors—particularly sex and sexual orientation—as well as co-occurring substance use patterns. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,790 participants from three public universities, using validated screening instruments (CAST, AUDIT, CRAFFT). Findings revealed a 4.7% rate of problematic cannabis use, significantly higher among male students. This problematic use was associated with early onset of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption, and with frequent co-use of other substances such as stimulants, sedatives, and nicotine-based products. Although differences by sexual orientation did not reach statistical significance, an elevated risk trend was observed among LGTBI students. The findings highlight the urgent need for early, intersectional, and culturally sensitive prevention strategies aimed at disrupting substance use trajectories and promoting supportive university environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Manuel Isorna-Folgar, Nuria García-Couceiro, Millán Brea-Castro, Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco, Antonio Rial-Boubeta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Can I co-author with my robot? The legal, ethical and economic dilemmas of doing academic research in times of artificial intelligence
Currently, there is a huge wave of enthusiasm in the education sector which materializes on the great number of materials and courses to capacitate teachers and students in mastering AI apps to support their education. However, it is possible to also find some reservations among the sector, particularly in the publishing industry and universities that manage scholarly journals. These doubts focus mainly on the authorship issue. Lately, renown publishers have settled limits to the incorporation of AI as authors. In this work, I will focus on understanding how these contradicted approaches, enthusiasm vs reservations, are not only motivated by preserving academic ethics and limit the proliferation of malpractices as the case of plagiarism, but also by economic and legal issues. This analysis centers on academic literature review but also on the comparative study of legal texts (regulations and legal court case sentences), and the examination of punctual controversial court cases about the incorporation of AI for academic research. Final outcomes will show that these contradictory aptitudes about AI are also evidence of the deep impact of this disruptive technology in the academic publishing sector, and how legal frameworks and financing mechanisms are becoming outdated to comply with the quick changes introduced in the educative sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 David https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical profile of people referred to a Mental Health Unit during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
Introduction. The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of the world's population. Both fear and anxiety have been common factors in all societies. The objective of the study is to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of referrals made from Primary Care (PC) to a Mental Health Unit (MHU) during the first months of the pandemic and confinement in Spain. Material and methods. A cross-sectional descriptive retrospective study was carried out using an ad-hoc questionnaire, administered in 105 subjects, during the months of March and October 2020. The main variable of the study was whether the demand was a consequence of COVID-19 or not. The secondary variables are the sociodemographic profile (gender, age, place of residence, healthy lifestyle, and work situation) and the clinical profile (main, secondary and COVID-19 diagnosis, relapse episode, medical history, substance use and use of psychiatric drugs). Results. Referred patients are mainly diagnosed with anxiety and depression and considered COVID-19 as the main cause of their mental discomfort if they are people who reside in an urban nucleus, if their main diagnosis was hypochondria, or if they did not consume substances. Discussion. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic can vary according to the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the population; therefore, they must be studied more thoroughly, especially in patients with previous mental health problems.
Keywords: Mental Health, COVID-19, Mental Health Unit (MHU).
Copyright (c) 2022 Mario Samper Pardo, Alejandra Aguilar Latorre, José Carlos Azón Belarre http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
TOWARDS A THEORETICAL MODEL OF APOROPHOBIA
Currently, aporophobia is acquiring greater visibility due to the influence of changes in Spanish legislation, such as Organic Law 8/2021, of 4 June, on the comprehensive protection of children and adolescents against violence. The role of social workers in the face of rejection and aggression towards the poor is crucial, since attention to these people is a priority in the social sphere, and the challenge is to provide comprehensive intervention to eliminate aporophobia. Given the lack of specific theoretical models on aporophobia, this article examines different comprehensive theories that will facilitate the explanation of this phenomenon, such as the elements involved in the discriminatory process towards these people, the explanatory factors of the aggressors' group behaviour towards the victims of aporophobia and the intersectional model that explains, in an interactional way, the inequalities and discrimination towards them. The aim is to develop effective strategies and action plans that facilitate the intervention of social workers, especially in the detection of these victimisations.
Aporophobia, discrimination against the poor, social exclusion, prejudice, poverty.
Copyright (c) 2022 Eva María Picado Valverde, Raquel Guzmán Ordaz, Amaia Yurrebaso Macho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Training generic competencies for the employability of Social Work students at University in Spain. Mixed Methods Study.
Introduction: The study aims to identify key generic competencies in Social Work professional development to enhance employability. Material and Methods: A mixed methodology was used: quantitative (cross-sectional) and qualitative (exploratory). An online survey was developed that noted hard and soft skills. A total of 473 responses were collected from professionals and social organizations, teachers, and students. In addition, two focus groups consisting of 17 University professors were conducted, based on the development of employability at the University level. Results: Findings reveal crucial hard skills such as critical thinking, work skills based on ethical commitment, and knowledge of cultural processes. As for soft skills, the most notable were conflict and problem resolution, inter-multidisciplinary work capacity, and organization and planning capacity. However, it is considered that there is no adequate preparation for some of these competencies. Discussion: This work sheds light on the need to create knowledge transfer processes from different spaces. It is necessary to extend learning to practical experiences through the use of case studies during training programs. It is also necessary to create a greater number of training spaces in work environments, such as increasing the number of practice hours that facilitate the acquisition of Social Work competencies in a broad manner.
Copyright (c) 2025 Esperanza García-Uceda, Sandra León-Herrera, César Sánchez-Álvarez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Relationship Between Depressive Symptomatology and Alcohol Consumption in the Latin American Population Based on Gender and Age
The comorbidity between depression and alcohol consumption is a public health problem, which can affect the progression and severity of both issues, self-care, treatment adherence, and effectiveness. Moreover, alcohol use in Latin America exceeds the world average. The objectives were a) To study the prevalence of depressive symptomatology and risk alcohol consumption, taking into account gender and age. b) To analyze the relationship between risk alcohol consumption and non-risk alcohol consumption with depressive symptomatology, considering gender and age. A total of 4,890 people aged 18-64 years (mean age = 31.62 years; 62.7% female) from the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Colombia and Argentina participated. Information was collected using an online questionnaire. The AUDIT-C was used to assess alcohol consumption and PHQ-9 to assess depressive symptoms. Women showed significantly higher risk drinking than men and greater severity of depressive symptomatology. Younger adults (18-24) reported more depressive symptoms. In terms of comorbidity, women with risky alcohol consumption reported greater depressive symptomatology than men; and younger risky alcohol consumers showed greater severity of depressive symptomatology than the other age groups. It is necessary to know what the potential explanatory variables are for the differential results between men and women in risky alcohol consumption and depressive symptomatology, as well as their comorbidity, as this has implications for the design of preventive interventions. Implications for the early management of depression are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2024 Víctor José Villanueva-Blásco, Catalina Espitia-Cepeda, Andrea Vázquez-Martínez, Salvador Simó-Algado, Bárbara González -Amado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
General principles and potential organizational gains of Customer Relationship Management System implementation for Municipal Government structures in Armenia
This study explores the implementation and impact of a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) System within the municipal administration of Yerevan, focusing on the Citizen Complaint and Request Service. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research includes a needs assessment, pilot implementation, and evaluation through qualitative and quantitative data collection. Key findings reveal significant improvements in service delivery times, personalized interactions, and operational efficiency post-implementation. Challenges identified include technical adjustments and initial employee resistance, addressed through continuous support and training. The study fills a significant gap in understanding CRM applicability in the public sector and offers a practical framework for achieving tangible improvements in municipal governance, supporting the broader goal of digital transformation in Armenia. The successful implementation of CRM systems in municipal services can serve as a model for other state governance structures, promoting a customer-oriented administrative culture.
Copyright (c) 2024 Arman Avetyan, Goharik Martirosyan, Svetlana Baghdasaryan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Design of an analytical model of municipal employment distribution
This research addresses the problem of economic and social inequality derived from the concentration of employment in specific areas. Taking the municipality of Elche as a case study, an analytical model is proposed to evaluate this distribution and offer solutions to promote a more equitable economic development. The general objective of this study is to design an analytical model to understand the distribution of employment at the municipal level, with specific objectives that include the identification of areas with high economic concentration, the analysis of sectoral diversity based on zip codes, and the formulation of recommendations for sustainable economic development. Methodologically, the study uses the Standardized Location Coefficient (SLC) to analyze data from the SABI INFORMA database on the distribution of companies and employment in Elche. This includes the collection of data from 12.960 companies with the application of a rigorous filter to ensure its validity. The results indicate a diverse economic distribution in Elche, with a notable concentration in Elche Parque Industrial, characterized by leather and footwear industries and building services. Both areas of high concentration and significant business diversification have been identified. In practical terms, the suggested model is crucial for economic planning. For Elche, it is recommended to promote business creation, boost innovation and improve local infrastructure. Specific strategies include investing in education, supporting economic diversification and promoting sustainable tourism to support economic growth in a more balanced and sustainable way.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ángel Manzanares Gutiérrez, Basilia García Macía https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Mental Health Promotion through training for voluntary agents in the workplace. A longitudinal study
Introduction: This study assessed the benefits of implementing a network of mental health promoters within organizations, focusing on staff training and the establishment of exchange and follow-up groups. The aim was to improve working conditions, facilitate early detection of psychological symptoms, provide support techniques, guide employees to health services, and promote overall well-being. Material and Methods: The study involved 685 employees from 22 companies (477 in the intervention group and 208 in the control group). Instruments used included: 1) Demographic and occupational data form; 2) General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12); 3) Five items from The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale; 4) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI General Survey). Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in depersonalization and personal accomplishment compared to the control group. Notable differences were also found in General Health, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment between the two groups. Conclusion: The implementation of a network of mental health promoters in organizations effectively enhanced key aspects of employees’ psychological well-being, highlighting the value of structured and sustainable interventions for promoting mental health in the workplace.
Copyright (c) 2024 Santiago Gascón-Santos, Liu Xiaojia, Yago Pérez-Montesinos, Ricardo Fueyo-Díaz, Adrián Alacreu-Crespo, Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre, Isabel Irigoyen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Prevalence and Determinants of Compulsive Buying: A Systematic Review with Preventive Implications
Introduction: Numerous studies examine the variables of compulsive buying (CB), but there is no systematic review unifying them. The aim of this study is to analyse the international prevalence rates of CB, establish a risk profile and examine its risk and protective factors to enable preventive intervention. Material and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Scopus, covering the last 11 years and following PRISMA methodology. The search was performed between November 2023 and May 2024. A total of 52 international studies were reviewed, with an average methodological quality of 85.38% according to MMAT criteria. The main biases found in the studies were selection bias and non-response bias. Results: Results indicate that 74% of individuals with compulsive buying behaviour were women aged 18 to 30 years, and various variables can predict this issue. CB is associated with substance addiction, workaholism, and problematic use of the internet and social media. Discussion: In order to standardise prevalence rates internationally, a validated and unified measurement tool must be developed. Further research is needed to investigate environmental risk factors as well as the relationship between CB and other addictions. It is essential to recognize this disorder with the diagnostic importance it deserves to facilitate preventive measures. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed in terms of designing preventive programs.
Copyright (c) 2024 Judith Sol-Gámez, Guadalupe Molinari Conde, Andrea Vázquez-Martínez, Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Circulation of Stereotypes, Health Control, and Social Surveillance of Communal Practices (2020-2021): The Case of the Roma Population in Argentina During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract This paper aims to analyze the representational discourses surrounding the Roma during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina, comparing them with other regional and global cases to gain a broader perspective. The analysis is based on press clippings and ethnographic records collected during the 2020-2021 period. It explores the role of media discourses in reinforcing stereotypes and conducts an axiological analysis of sanitary control and social surveillance discourses, considering Roma cultural practices related to collective life. The analysis focuses on two dimensions: the historically sedimented representational frameworks circulating in media discourses about the Roma, and the tensions between the individualistic management of the disease (self-care, isolation) promoted by the Argentine government and the World Health Organization (WHO), and the collective practices of the Roma. The results reveal increased stigmatization in the media, exacerbated by the absence of a state program promoting non-discrimination and social equity, which hinders the Roma community's access to healthcare and socioeconomic development in Argentina.
Copyright (c) 2025 Patricia Galletti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Invisibility in the healthcare system - Barriers and challenges in gynecological care for women with disabilities
Introduction: The intersection between gender and disability has emerged as a crucial area of study, evidencing the double discrimination faced by women with disabilities, particularly in the field of gynecological health. This problem requires priority attention from social work and public health. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the barriers faced by women with disabilities in accessing gynecological health services, exploring the intersection between gender and disability. Methods and materials: A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies in English, Spanish or Portuguese, addressing gynecological care or reproductive health of women with disabilities, were included. Studies had to be empirical, systematically reviewed or meta-analysed, excluding those on temporary disabilities, without original empirical data or focused only on pediatric aspects. Results: The studies identified multiple barriers at the national, health system, individual, community, and economic levels that restrict the access of people with disabilities to gynecological and reproductive health services, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Negative attitudes, stigma and discrimination towards sexuality and motherhood of this group stand out. Discussion: Faced with this scenario, the studies propose multi-level strategies focused on the transformation of health systems, training of providers, improving accessibility, empowerment of people with disabilities and community awareness, framed within respect for human rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana María Cánive-Gómez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
"It didn't work and it's a loss for everyone": analysis of the factors that affect the breakdowns of foster care processes in the Autonomous Community of Navarre
The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the interruption of the foster care process. An exhaustive documentary analysis has been carried out and a qualitative methodology has been used based on semi-structured interviews with foster families in which there has been an unplanned interruption of the foster care process. The research shows how the current configuration of the foster care system favors the existence of obstacles to the inadequate development and implementation of the measure. The results reflect the presence of a series of breakdown factors related to: 1) the foster child, his/her age and previous experiences; 2) the foster family, the existence of previous children and their education; and 3) the professional intervention, the intensity of the follow-up, the support offered and the supervision carried out. Based on the study, a proposal for structural improvement in the foster care procedure is made according to the different phases of the process in order to prevent and/or mitigate possible interruptions in the process.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hodei Sarasa-Camacho, Maider Robles-Abadía https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Quality Assessment in Day Care Centers in Cantabria: A Program for at-risk Children and Adolescents
Background: Day Care Centers for Children and Adolescents (CDIA) are a resource widely used by Social Services to support at-risk families, promote children’s well-being and keep them in their family context. The aim of this study was to delve into these programs by means of a quality assessment project. Methods: For this purpose, 357 participants involved in one of the 16 Day Care Centers in Cantabria (Spain) were interviewed using an adaptation of the ARQUA system (Pérez-García, 2019), including children, adolescents, families and practitioners. Results: The results highlighted great satisfaction with the service, especially regarding the positive impact perceived in children and families derived from a relationship-based intervention delivered in a safe space. Discussion: Moreover, opportunities and potential areas for improvement are discussed regarding these services, which can be considered useful and effective in preventing risk factors for families and children.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jaime Burón , Laura García-Alba, Iriana Santos-González, Julio Rodríguez-Suárez, Amaia Bravo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Community and interweaving: The experience of feminist May 2018 in Chile
This article aims to review the historicity of Chile and the social conflicts that arise today, placing special emphasis on the historical, but also emerging, demands of the feminist movement. To do this, we will address the social movement of 2018. In addition to its great capacity to attract people, it was led, organized and carried out by female students from diverse origins, many of them being first generation professionals. At the same time, the role of neoliberalism is explored, which emerged after the dictatorship in 1973. It allows us to understand the social unrest generated by structural inequality, which affects multiple areas of the social sphere. From there follows the discussion of how this has had an impact on the situation of women in the contemporary scenario and the challenges that arise, both for Latin American feminism and for feminism at a global level.
Copyright (c) 2024 Fabiana Hernández https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
" (Disability, inclusion and public employment, is it possible to improve their relationship? Reflections from a pilot experience at the University of Zaragoza
Introduction: Legislation on public employment and the rights of people with disabilities recognises an obligation to reserve 2% of the places advertised for people with intellectual disabilities. Despite this, the idiosyncrasies of public administrations in Spain and, in particular, of universities, make it difficult for these rights to be effective. Therefore, a pilot programme of theoretical and practical training and promotion of empowerment is proposed in order to promote their inclusion in the labour market. Objective: The aim of this article is to present and evaluate this pilot programme, putting forward proposals to improve access to public employment for this group. Methodology: For this purpose, its effectiveness was evaluated, using the Quality-of-Life Scale, as well as the satisfaction of families, participants and professionals with it, via an ad hoc questionnaire. Results: The results show that, despite the improvement in quality of life, deficits were detected, such as the need for awareness and training for the university community, the relevance of labour mediation and the importance of carrying out individualised adaptations. Discussion: A series of improvements in the implementation of programmes of this type, as well as in the inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in public employment, in general, are proposed.
public employment; inclusion; University; supported employment; quality of life
Copyright (c) 2024 Marta Mira-Aladrén, Natalia Yagüe Sanjuán, Fernando Latorre Dena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Knowledge and perception of young students in Social Work about young people under guardianship
There is currently an increase in the number of young people who find themselves in a situation of legal emancipation without social autonomy after leaving the child protection system at the age of majority. This group is socially disadvantaged and prone to social exclusion. Social work is key to intervene and change this reality, but more knowledge and training on this group is needed. The aim of this study is to identify the degree of knowledge and perception of students of the Degree in Social Work about the situation of young extuted. Material and methods: the present research is carried out from a descriptive and observational approach with the intention of approaching the knowledge of young ex-custodians from other young future professionals of their social intervention. A mixed methodology is used with surveys and a focus group with the participation of 250 students of the Degree in Social Work at the University of Malaga. Results: the perceived lack of knowledge that the young participants have of those who, at the same age, come from life experiences related to migration and lack of protection. It has been possible to identify training and guidance needs and strategies that can still be implemented within the framework of academic training. Discussion: the need to include and deepen the study and intervention of young people formerly under guardianship in order to improve their social inclusion and their relationship with other young university students has been identified.
Copyright (c) 2024 IRENE SOLEDAD ESTRADA MORENO, ANA CRISTINA RUIZ MOSQUERA, MARIA DE LAS OLAS PALMA GARCÍA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of mental health and psychosocial factors of mexican university academics.
The changes in working conditions generated during the Covid-19 pandemic in Mexican university workers could affect their physical, mental and psychological health, due to uncertainty and latent risk. For this reason, this work analyzes Positive Mental Health and identifies the Psychosocial Factors presented by University Academic workers from the Faculties of Human Communication and the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences of a Mexican Public University. The study design was exploratory, quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional, through a self-reported online survey. Snowball sampling was carried out during 2020, among academics who were teleworking due to confinement. The results at the levels of the FTP Pienso A.C. psychosocial factors scale. and positive mental health were analyzed by gender. The male gender had higher scores in the leadership, institutional support, social relations and discomfort subscales, and the female gender had higher scores in the work content subscales. The differences being significant in the institutional support and discomfort subscales. The female gender presented higher scores in the cognitive, spiritual, socio-affective and behavioral dimensions. The differences being significant in the Cognitive subscale. The male gender presented worse scores than the female gender on the psychosocial factors scale and the female gender presented better positive mental health. The differences could be due to a worse adaptation of the male gender to teleworking, not previously done, and the previous experience of women in adapting to situations of multitasking and overload.
Copyright (c) 2024 Karina López, Irma Guadalupe González Corzo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Tackling early school leaving: a qualitative evaluation of the Program for the Improvement of Learning and Performance in Asturias
The article assesses the Program for the Improvement of Learning and Performance (PMAR, by its Spanish acronym), which Spain has been using since the 2013 educational reform in the fight against premature school leaving. Although there is some work evaluating the implementation process of this program in its earliest stages, this study is the first to provide results since its full implementation. The research is based upon thirty semi-structured interviews carried out with principals, guidance counsellors, teachers and students in the Spanish region of Asturias. Despite the unsympathetic stance on the 2013 reform among the teaching community, and despite the fears that the changes in ESL prevention would reduce graduation in compulsory education, the general perception of the PMAR seems to be a positive one. At the same time, there are some reservations regarding the fact that the program does not extend to secondary school-graduation. Additionally, the research reveals some difficulties in defining the target population of candidates for the program, with the risk of mixing those students with difficulties and those whose problem is more a lack of interest in graduating. Schools are also concerned about the lack of qualified staff to deal with groups with specific needs, the excessive turnover of temporary teaching staff, and the disappearance of the figure of the assigned tutor, who was part of the previous initiative aimed at reducing early school-leaving (Curricular Diversification Programs). Also significant is the absence of practical modules for students that require them. Finally, absenteeism was identified as one of the most widespread problems in this type of program, especially among the most vulnerable pupils. Problems in the family environment are repeatedly identified among the causes of absenteeism. Thus, the research concludes that families should appear as key informants for an understanding of the problem of early school leaving in future research.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ángel Alonso-Domínguez, Rosario González Arias, Israel Escudero-Castillo, Francisco Javier Mato Díaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Gender differences in the relationship between intrinsic personal factors and the anxious and depressive symptomatology of a working population
Introduction: Affective disorders are health problems with a significant impact on the psychosocial functioning and quality of life of people who suffer from them. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse gender differences in the association between intrinsic personal factors and depressive and anxious symptoms in a working population. Methods: Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed on data from 242 individuals of active working age interviewed between July 2021 and July 2022. The primary outcome was the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms as a continuous variable. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in our sample is 22.22% in women and 6.54% in men, while the prevalence of anxious symptoms was similar in both sexes (21.50% in men and 25.19% in women). In men, high self-esteem (β = −0.300; p=0.022) and older age (β = −0.210; p=0.031) are protective factors for depressive symptoms, and high self-esteem (β = −0.269; p=0.005) and high activation (β = −0.031; p=0.049) in anxious symptomatology. Meanwhile, in women, greater self-efficacy and a greater sense of coherence are protective factors for depressive (β = −0.250, p=0.004; β = −0.244, p=0.005) and anxious symptoms (β = −0.254, p=0.004; β = −0.178, p=0.040). Conclusion: Women workers have more depressive and anxious symptoms than their male counterparts. There are differences between men and women in the intrinsic personal factors that influence depressive and anxious symptoms.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fatima Méndez-López, Priscila Matovelle-Ochoa, Marta Domínguez-García, Beatriz Pascual-de la Pisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Destructive Leadership, Psychosocial Factors and Organizational Decline: Literature Review
This literature review synthesizes diverse studies that investigating the impact of negative and destructive leadership styles, such as despotic, toxic, and Laissez-faire, on psychosocial risks within organizational settings. Such leadership behaviors have been associated with increased occupational stress, unjust organizational practices, workplace bullying, and a toxic work environment. The ramifications extend beyond immediate workplace outcomes, affecting employees’ work-life balance, organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and intention to leave, disrupting organizational continuity and performance. Research reveals that destructive leadership styles perpetuate job dissatisfaction, turnover intentions, and a decline in service quality, particularly in sectors like hospitality and healthcare. By exacerbating job stressors and fostering environments conducive to workplace harassment, negative leadership jeopardizes employees' mental health and overall well-being. The review accentuates the imperative for strategic interventions in leadership selection, promotion, and organizational culture enhancement to curtail the prevalence and impact of destructive leadership practices.
Copyright (c) 2024 José Luis Calderón Mafud, Manuel Pando Moreno, J. Jesús García Martínez, Elsa María V´ásquez-Trespalacios https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Socio-contextual variables associated with the beginning of alcohol use in adolescents based on sex
Introduction: Alcohol consumption among minors is a social problem. The objective was to characterize the pattern of alcohol use, analyzing various socio-contextual variables associated with the beginning of consumption, as well as differences based on sex. Material and methods: Non-probabilistic descriptive study with 286 students (averag eage = 15.74 years, SD=1,48, range 14-18 years). Information was collected on sociodemographic variables; alcohol consumption; age of initiation of consumption; perception of availability; reasons and places of consumption. Results: 72.5% consumed alcohol at some point in their lives, with the prevalence being higher in girls than in boys. 78.1% got drunk at some point in their lives, with boys showing a higher frequency of drunkenness per month. The age of onset for binge drinking was 14.06 years. Seven out of 10 adolescents report a high perception of accessibility to alcohol. 45% of them access alcohol themselves, and the rest through adults. Seven out of 10 buy it in supermarkets, six out of 10 in bars and pubs, four out of 10 in clubs, and three out of 10 at home. Five out of 10 adolescents consumed for the first time in public spaces such as squares and parks, one out of 10 in bars/pubs, and two out of 10 in their own home. The main reasons for consumption reported were to celebrate something (79.3%), because it is fun (52.8%), to experience new things (39.4%) and to disconnect from their worries (38.9%). Nine out of 10 adolescents used for the first time in the company of their friends. Discussion: The problem of alcohol consumption in adolescents cannot be addressed as an exclusively individual decision made by them. It is necessary to intervene on these socio-contextual factors that interact favoring alcohol consumption in adolescent minors.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dra. Lorena Belda-Ferri, Julia Aguilar Serrano, Dr. Víctor J. Villanueva-Blasco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Educational integration of Ukrainian refugee children. Challenges and responses to emergency social reception.
The article examines the first incorporation into the education system of Ukrainian refugee children accommodated in the largest shelter opened in Navarre in response to the Ukrainian emergency situation. It highlights the challenges faced by the schools and the successful strategies to overcome them, based on testimonies of 33 people from the educational community and key actors in the host context, complemented by secondary sources. The study reveals the significant challenges faced by schools, such as lack of planning, language barriers, difficulties in educational assessment, shortage of support resources or high student turnover. Successful strategies include good and proactive reception, language immersion, recruitment of Ukrainian teachers and use of translation devices, pedagogical adaptations that prioritise the emotional, among others. The implementation of reception protocols for contexts of high turnover of refugee students, early coordination and flexibility of resources to effectively address these situations and the presence of the professional figure of social workers into schools is recommended to facilitate the educational integration of refugee and immigrant children.
Copyright (c) 2024 Izaskun Andueza-Imirizaldu, Rubén ´Lasheras Ruiz, Marcela Bejarano Riveros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Predictive Factors of Student Health: Technostress, Academic Stress, and Social Support
In recent years, technostress has been defined as a negative psychological state that is related to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The objective of this study is to analyze the levels of technostress and its relationship with health in university students. A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study has been carried out through a self-reported survey. This analysis was carried out using an online questionnaire filled out anonymously by 389 undergraduate, master's and doctoral students belonging mostly to universities in the Community of Aragon. In addition to technostress, levels of academic stress, social support and the use of new technologies were studied to explore their relationship with health. The results of this study demonstrated that, although most participants do not experience high levels of technostress, those who do show that academic stress, behaviors and emotions generated by the use of ICT, technostress, gender, and satisfaction with social support predict students' health.
technostress; academic stress; social support; ICT; general health
Copyright (c) 2024 Ángela Asensio-Martínez, Arancha Morales-Villuendas, Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre, Barbara Masluk, Santiago Gascón-Santos , María Antonia Sánchez-Calavera https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Prologue: Legal regime of working time: a doctrinal study in tribute to Professor Juan García Blasco, through his personal and scientific profile
Introductory chapter to the figure of someone who has been a teacher of the legal regime of working time at the University of Zaragoza, for many years: Professor García Blasco as Professor of Labor Law at the University of Zaragoza.
Copyright (c) 2023 José Alberto Nicolás Bernad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Telework in the Public Function: Law and collective bargaining
In this work, the legal regime of teleworking in the field of the Spanish public service is analyzed, which requires a study both in the General Administration of the State and in the Administrations of the Autonomous Communities. To this end, it is based on RDLey 29/2020, of September 29, on urgent measures regarding teleworking in Public Administrations and human resources in the National Health System, to face the health crisis caused by COVID. -19 and we arrive at RDLay 29/2020, by virtue of which art. 1 art. 47 bis Royal Legislative Decree 5/2015, of October 30, which approves the consolidated text of the Law of the Basic Statute of Public Employees (onwards, EBEP), as a basic regulatory framework on teleworking for all Public Administrations - which must adapt their own regulations- together with the regional regulations in this regard. Furthermore, this work stops at analyzing the role of collective bargaining in the regulation of teleworking within Public Administrations.
Copyright (c) 2023 Raquel Yolanda Quintanilla Navarro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Collective bargaining and telework: new acting challenges
Collective bargaining plays a fundamental role in regulating and adapting key issues of teleworking, such as the prevention of occupational risks specifically adapted to this type of services; digital disconnection rights; the rights to work-family balance with a gender perspective or virtual harassment or cyberbullying. However, until now, it has focused mainly on regulating formal aspects or material content without taking into account in the majority of collective agreements the peculiarities that teleworking presents in these four questions, which may mean creating new inequalities or give rise to new occupational risks
teleworking; collective bargaining; challenges
Copyright (c) 2023 Elisa Sierra Hernaiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The legal system for working time: analysis of the legal framework and the role of collective bargaining
Working time, as a legal institution, takes a central position in Employment and Labor Law. This has been so since its origins and throughout its development, but now it presents new perspectives and challenges in its regulation, being the legal frame of reference insufficient in its contents, which demands the unavoidable intervention of collective bargaining to complete it. This paper analyzes the legal framework of working time and allow to discover all those potentialities of collective bargaining as a regulatory source of this working condition, in all its aspects. In particular, important aspects are studied such as: working day, work breaks, working hours, overtime, work permits, work vacations, digital switch-off. It also offers an analysis of working time from the perspective of the reconciliation of personal and family life with work, as well as from the perspective of feminism. Finally, we identify the new spaces open to negotiation between workers' representatives and the employer and proposals are presented.
Copyright (c) 2023 Ana Aguas Blasco, Vicente Pedro Lafuente Pastor, María Pilar Callau Dalmau, Sara Rico Letosa, José Jesús De Val Arnal, María Carmen Aguilar Martín, Sara Alcázar Ortiz, Rafael Álvarez Gimeno, Sonia Isabel Pedrosa Alquézar, Ruth María Vallejo Dacosta, Susana Torrente Gari, Manuel González Labrada, María José Lopera Castillejo, Ángel Luis De Val Tena, Juan García Blasco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Leadership development from contemplative positive psychology in public adminitration, a review of the literature
This literature review considers the processe of change faced by societies and organisations and, coherently, by the civil service. There are many elements that will promote change in public administrations, but all of them will be inadequate without the human factor. For this reason, the review is based on the conclusions of the studies that have reinforced the relevant contributions of leadership to organisational change processes, to the results, to the health and well-being of the workforce, with leadership being an important line of study within positive psychology. Similary, there are numerous lines of research focused on understanding the psychological and neurobiological effects produced by contemplative practices such as mindfulness. Therefore, its of interest to review and relate these constructs and design interventions that confirm a positive relationship between contemplative practices and leadership development in the civil service.
Copyright (c) 2023 Susana Iris Rueda Sánchez, María del Carmen Mombiela Guillén https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Perceived value análisis and disinformation applied to e-cigarettes
Tobacco, and its main component, nicotine, continues to be one of the main health problems worldwide. The use of electronic cigarettes (EC) is currently increasing. The objective was to analyze the perceived value and motivations for the consumption of nicotine through e-cigarettes and their convergence with the disinformation and marketing strategies of the tobacco industry. Methods. A qualitative methodology was used through a review focused on the perceived value of nicotine and its usual consumption technologies, and in-depth interviews with 15 university students. Results. Several components of the perceived value of the nicotine-consuming experience through EC versus conventional cigarettes are identified, in line with the industry’s disinformation and fake news dissemination strategy. These refer to EC as less harmful, clean, attractive and facilitating products for the cessation of tobacco use. Conclusions. It is evident how brands are taking advantage of the limited rationality of the consumer in their decision making through the marketing communication made, based on disinformation and fake news. Further research is needed into industry strategies to promote nicotine use in the population, especially among young people.
Copyright (c) 2023 Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco, Merve Akardas, Manuel Isorna Folgar, Juan Miguel Rey-Pino https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Consumption of health and social resources by people with persistent COVID and its relationship with persistent symptomatology: A descriptive and correlational study.
Introduction: Approximately 10% of patients who have been infected with SARS-COV-2 have persistent symptoms that have reduced their quality of life. This is especially relevant in people who were infected during the first wave. The aim of this study is to analyze the consumption of health and social resources by people with persistent COVID and its relationship with the persistent symptomatology they present. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive and correlational study in which data are collected from patients with persistent COVID collecting sociodemographic, clinical variables (number of persistent symptoms), and consumption of health and social resources. A descriptive and correlational study was performed. Results: The participants in this study show a high affectation reflected in the large number of residual symptoms they present (mean 16.47 symptoms). Therefore, there is a considerable increase in the use of public and private health, social and legal resources. Primary care services are the most frequently used by these patients. Conclusion: Timely planning of patient-centered resources and services for post-COVID-19 care is needed.
Copyright (c) 2023 Sergio Lafita Mainz, Diego Oliván, Maria del Mar Martínez-Pecharroman, Raquel Refusta Ainaga, Isabel Blasco González https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Relationship between the inductive or deductive approach to case-based learning on academic performance, self-efficacy, and satisfaction of social work students
Introduction: Case-Based Learning (CBL) teaching methodology is an active learning methodology that generates a higher level of student participation and significant learning. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare a CBL activity using deductive reasoning (analyse and extract theoretical concepts in a case provided for this purpose) and a CBL activity using inductive reasoning (create a case by implicitly introducing theoretical concepts) in terms of academic performance and student satisfaction, as well as to analyse the relationship of the latter with the perception of self-efficacy. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was developed. 111 students performed both CBL activities (deductive and inductive). Each learning activity dealt with theoretical contents of group psychology. The variables collected were: activity grade, satisfaction with each activity, theoretical exam grade and perception of self-efficacy. A descriptive, correlational, and comparative analysis was conducted using T-Student of related samples. Results: The grades for the inductive CBL activity were significantly higher than those for the deductive CBL activity (p=0.042). The students´ level of satisfaction in the item “helps to think critically” was evaluated more favourably for the deductive CBL activity (p=0.029). The relationship between the grade of the inductive CBL activity and that obtained in the theoretical exam was significant. There was no correlation between any of the activities and the perceived self-efficacy of the students. Conclusions: The CBL activity with inductive reasoning is more effective to achieve academic performance and the satisfaction with the activities evaluated by the students is high.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fátima Méndez-López, Loreto Camarero-Grados, Anna Moleras-Serra, Rachel Heah, Ana Porroche-Escudero, Rafael Sánchez-Arizcuren https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sociodemographic factors, mental health and social media: a comparative study on suicidal behavior
Introduction: Suicide is a growing public health problem. The aim of this study is to analyze suicidal ideation, planning and/or behavior in relation to sociodemographic factors, mental health status and use of social media, comparing a group of people with suicidal behavior and those without suicidal behavior, matched by sex and age. Methodology: A comparative longitudinal descriptive study was carried out. The outcome variable was suicidal behavior. Sociodemographic, mental health and social network use variables were also collected. Chi-square and Student's T statistics were used and multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results: 102 subjects participated, 51 of them with suicidal ideation or attempt, and 51 of them without suicidal ideation. Significant differences were found between these groups in terms of sociodemographic variables and history of psychiatric diagnoses. According to the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with self-injurious behavior are not being working (studying, unemployed, retired, or with temporary or permanent disability) (B: 1.193, Odds ratio: 3.298), having a depressive episode in the previous year (B: -2.350, Odds ratio: 0.095), and an anxiety disorder (B: -1.659, Odds ratio: 0.190). The model has a Cox and Snell R-squared of 0.418. Conclusions: These results confirm the existence of a profile of people who may exhibit suicidal behavior. The different pattern of use of social media can be useful for instantaneous ecological risk assessment.
Copyright (c) 2023 Claudia García-Martínez, Séfora Ene Gimeno, Samara Sáez Martínez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Profile of people with suicidal behavior and pre-existing mental health illnesses before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the first 6 months of pandemic: Comparative study by time periods and by gender.
Introduction: The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the profile of people with suicidal behavior 6 months before the pandemic and during the first 6 months after its onset, in a cohort of patients with previous high prevalence mental health illnesses, using Primary Health Care (PHC) records. Methodology: A retrospective, longitudinal and comparative study. We collected data on sociodemographic, pre-existing mental health illnesses or new diagnoses, COVID-19 infection, use of health resources during the study period where the suicide attempt or suicide occurred. A bivariate analysis was performed comparing by gender and by the time period during which the suicidal behavior occurred, as well as a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: In Aragón (Spain), 173 persons were reported with suicidal behavior during the 6 months prior to the onset of the pandemic, and 153 persons during the 6 months after, with no changes in the sociodemographic profile.The participant profile was that of a woman, with a preexisting episode of depression and/or anxiety. Lack of contact with the health system, especially with the health center social worker and the continuing care services increased the risk of suicide during the pandemic. Conclusions: Contact with the health care system in future pandemics is important for the prevention of suicidal behavior.
Copyright (c) 2023 Liliana Mahulea, Marta Domínguez García, María Millán Taratil, María Ruiz Herrero, MªJesús Serrano Ripoll https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Workplace violence in social education: a systematic review
here are highly complex work contexts, where the relationship between users and professionals can lead to violent behaviour towards the professional. The professional environments of social education are scenarios where workplace violence can become evident, given the diversity and complexity of contexts and problems addressed. The aim of this research is to analyse the phenomenon of type II workplace violence towards social education professionals in Spain. To this end, a qualitative systematic review of the scientific literature was carried out in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, ÍnDICE CSIC, APA PycNet and Dialnet plus. The results show violent action towards social education professionals on the part of the users who intervene; although the scarcity of studies does not allow us to establish conclusive results on the object of study. In conclusion, although workplace violence is present among social education professionals, the study shows the need to study the phenomenon in greater depth in order to determine its impact and design prevention strategies.
Copyright (c) 2023 Cristina Vidal-Martí, Julio Rodríguez-Rodríguez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Employment situation in people with Long COVID: Analysis of associated sociodemographic and clinical factors.
Introduction: The characteristic symptomatology of Long-COVID syndrome affects the physical and cognitive functioning of people who suffer from it, creating challenges when returning to their usual job. The objective of this study was to deepen the understanding of the employment status of people with this syndrome and its associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of 83 patients diagnosed with Long-COVID, over 18 years of age and attended by Primary Health Care in the Autonomous Community of Aragon. The main study variable was the employment status of the participants, in addition to collecting sociodemographic and clinical data through a structured interview. Subsequently, a descriptive, correlation and regression statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics program. Results: Of the 83 study participants, 55.4% were in an active employment situation, and 44.6% in a situation of temporary incapacity for work. A greater number of persistent symptoms and belonging to the male gender were predictors of a greater probability of being in a situation of temporary incapacity for work. Discussion: A large percentage of people with Long-COVID are on sick leave or temporary incapacity for work, which makes it necessary to develop prevention and action programs from socio-health care teams with the aim of these people not losing their jobs temporarily or permanently or, if this has already happened, return to their previous work situation as soon as possible.
Copyright (c) 2023 Sandra León Herrera, Mario Samper-Pardo, Angela Asensio-Martínez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Mobility and lifestyles of the romanian gypsy population. A case study in southern Spain
Abstract This qualitative article focuses on the causal factors of the mobility of the Romanian Roma population to the province of Seville (Andalusia, Southern Spain) and their current lifestyle in environments located in the outskirts of cities. The research was carried out through an exploratory study in different territories (Ecija, Utrera, Los Palacios and Seville city). In addition, 35 interviews were conducted with men and women between 21 and 72 years born in Romania. The findings have made it possible, on the one hand, to get to know the Romanian Roma population living in stigmatised and socially vulnerable conditions on the outskirts of different cities, and on the other hand, the characteristics that accompany the mobility of the population in their journey to improve their living conditions. It concludes by highlighting the capacity for adaptation and mobility of the group under study in the face of complex situations of social exclusion. Furthermore, it stresses the need to intervene in order to provide lasting solutions from the Social Services, which should programme specific actions with this type of population living in exclusion and which has its own characteristics.
Roma; Romania; social exclusión; vulnerability; work
Copyright (c) 2023 María Luna Montoya Fernández, José David Gutiérrez Sánchez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Knowledge and training of social workers in the health field of the province of Granada in the face of euthanasia
Introduction: Euthanasia is a legislative measure recently implemented in the health systems of the Spanish territory. Guarantor of a calm end of life, it avoids the physical and emotional suffering of the patient when the disease is irreversible. Its implementation requires sufficient knowledge and a favorable aptitude to facilitate its development. Health social workers are an appropriate profile to start the discourse on dignified death and report on the formal and informal aspects surrounding euthanasia. The objective of this research is to identify the knowledge and predisposition of primary care health social workers about euthanasia. Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study aimed at all primary care social health workers in the province of Granada whose sample universe represents N=40. For data collection, the self-administered questionnaire was used. A descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed using Epi Info. Results: 39 individuals participated in the study. The knowledge that these participants have about the euthanasia law supposes an average of 3.84 (Sd. 1.98). Only 28.2% have read the documents that regulate the provision of aid to die in Andalusia. The ability to accompany in the management of grief represents an average of 7.02 (Sd. 2.45). Discussion: The knowledge of health social workers about euthanasia is scant. Few have read the regulatory documentation for euthanasia. This ignorance does not limit the perception they have about this benefit, presenting a favorable attitude towards it.
euthanasia; social work; Health; knowledge; attitude.
Copyright (c) 2022 José Manuel Jiménez Rodríguez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Being a Social Worker in Social Services during the Covid-19 Pandemic: a Spanish Case Study
Covid-19 has led to a health, social and economic crisis, the like of which has never been seen before. The world has had to tackle a new reality that has shaken the most basic structures of our system. In Spain the Social Services have been declared essential services but, even so, the social workers interviewed in this study have not perceived that this has translated into greater support for the system or for their work. This article forms part of a national funded research project that has developed the only tool to monitor the impact of Covid-19 on the Social Services in Spain. Its sampling design has made it possible to carry out 164 telephone interviews at 52 public Social Services centres all over Spain. The aim of this article is to ascertain the effects of the pandemic on the daily practice of social work through the analysis of professional discourse, and also to discuss the impact of Covid-19 with special attention to issues such as the irruption of telematics, the emotional exhaustion of professional teams or the new forms of reorganisation of the Social Services. In other words, changes in the organisational dynamics of the centres, in the incorporation of telematics, in interpersonal relations between the work teams, etc. Changes that will all be decisive in predicting the course of social change in the Social Services in the coming years.
Social work, Social Services, social intervention, pandemic, Spanish case
Copyright (c) 2022 Virginia Paéz-Izquierdo, Mercedes Muriel-Saiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Sustainable Development, Circular Economy and Popular Practices: Does the Relationship between Society and the Environment Need the Economy?
The circular economy broadens and clarifies sustainable development by offering it a formal framework of concrete projects. This article shows that these notions of sustainable development and circular economy are based on the widely shared assumption of the existence of an economic sphere that obeys its own rules. It questions the consequences that such a belief has on the non-commercial economic practices contained in popular social frameworks based on inter-knowledge, resistance to market logic and community solidarity. The circular economy camouflages the ecological nature of these practices and sometimes even makes them disappear. Such a diminution in importance of ecology with respect to the economy obscures the social consequences of developing the circular economy while reinforcing control of the economy over its social components. The article defends the hypothesis that the circular economy, which is the seed of sustainable development, is a social project that is built without society’s intervention.
Circular economy, sustainable development, society, environment.
Copyright (c) 2022 Denis Blot https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Virtues and Duties in Concepción Arenal's Ethica Misericordis and its Approach to Social Work in the 21st Century
The ethical commitment of professionals in Spain’s Social Services is one of their basic characteristics. Nevertheless, there is still a difference between their words and actions. Faced with the inconsistency between intended morality and experienced morality, Concepción Arenal raises compassion as an argument to call for the cultivation of good character. She bases our moral obligation on respect for human dignity and compassion for the most vulnerable members of society, with ethical virtues and moral duties thereby constituting the cornerstone of her Ethica Misericordis. Hence, this study aims to offer a brief explanation of such work and approximate it to social work. In line with the afore-mentiooned proposal we have carried out a further anlysis of primary and secondary sources. First and foremost, we have reviewed books and articles by the author to learn first-hand about her original contributions. We have also examined certain references from international sources on both professional ethics and ethics in social work, enabling us to better outline the connections that exist between their proposals and those espoused by the author herself. The contribution made by Concepción Arenal to social work lies in the compassionate style of social intervention she proposes. This derives from the consideration that she harbours of the person as an end in themself, vulnerable and therefore perfectible, enabling a horizontal relationship between professional and user to be established and built on respect for dignity, empathy and understanding.
Social Work, Concepción Arenal, virtue ethics, ethics of duty
Copyright (c) 2022 Francisco Idareta-Goldaracena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Fight against Child Poverty within the Sustainable Development Goals Framework
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has made a strong impact on the agenda of many multilateral entities, governments and NGOs. The fight against poverty is number 1 on the list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Its pre-eminent position on a global agenda of such characteristics is justified both by its relevance for promoting human well-being and social progress, and also its close association with other objectives. The experience of poverty has a universal nature, and combines various expressions of material and subjective paucity. This article looks at the dimensions of poverty contemplated in SDG 1, while focusing specifically on the fight against child poverty. The reasons are listed for affording it special attention and the magnitude of the problem is analysed both on a global scale and also in Spain. Last of all, other dimensions associated with material deprivation in childhood incorporated in other SDGs are also examined.
Sustainable Development Goals, poverty, health, material deprivation, dignity, child labour, migration
Copyright (c) 2022 Pau Marí Klose https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Systematic Violence against Human Rights Defenders of the Environment and Territory within the Post-agreement Framework in Colombia
This article examines the general context of human rights defenders of the environment and territory in Colombia based on a review of the literature, from a documented perspective, analysing the exercise of defending the environment in a violent situation. The study takes as its starting point the disputes over natural resources that are accompanied by significant negative impacts both at a social and environmental level. Efforts to attempt to protect the environment and most vulnerable communities have given rise to the so-called environmental defenders, who assume responsibility for safeguarding the rights of both human beings and also those of the land. This defensive exercise in Colombia has very special characteristics, such as armed conflict and structural violence, within which a series of systematic violent practices perpetrated against them can be identified. Such aspects complicate their defence of the environment and increase the level of vulnerability of such communities, making the task of these defenders even more difficult.
Environmental defenders, territory, violation of rights, armed conflict, environment, systematicity.
Copyright (c) 2022 Andrea Turriago Molinas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Technology Acceptance Scale in Social Workers: Benefits of Teleworking.
In recent years, there has been significant technological progress, particularly in the world of information and communication technologies (ICTs), which are rapidly transforming the various professions linked to social intervention. The hypothesis that social workers manifest a high level of technology acceptance since they discern significant advantages in using teleworking technologies in their professional practice is used as a starting point for our research. Hence, our main aim was to check the degree of technology acceptance among social workers on an international level, with a secondary goal being to analyse how the link is established between professional practice and the use of new technological opportunities for social workers. With respect to method, a specialised questionnaire with 27 variables (Cronbach’s alpha α = 0.950) and the scale for the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were applied to a sample of 1144 social workers from 13 countries. In conclusion, a high degree of technology acceptance was detected, along with a clear identification between professional practice, the use of technological advances and their connection with the standards proposed by NASW, and a clear identification of the main benefits of using such technologies for social work. All these elements have a close relationship with the extension of teleworking in Social Services and with e-social work.
Technology Acceptance Model; social work; telework technologies; teleworking in Social Services.
Copyright (c) 2022 Evaristo Barrera-Algarín, José Luís Sarasola-Sánchez-Serrano, Alberto Sarasola-Fernández, Ana Vallejo-Andrada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
When pictures speak: the perception of users undergoing residential drug addiction treament concerning their integration using photovoice
People receiving treatment for drug addiction have to face reintegration after completing their therapy. This is based on the acquisition of skills to achieve full autonomy. Reintegration is implemented when a situation involving exclusion has occurred, in this case associated with the use of drugs. The aim of this study was to ascertain the viewpoint of the individuals receiving residential treatment for drug addction regarding their own integration process. Data was gathered using a qualitative approach using the Photovoice technique over ten sessions, in which fourteen users participated from a therapeutic group, along with two halfway houses specialising in providing aid to drug addicts. The results indicated that the participants believed reintegration depended on themselves and the use they made of their stay at the halfway house. Nevertheless, they also evaluated external differences such as stigmatisation in the form of mistrust, the lack of information concerning addiction on the part of society, or the lack or resources and qualified professionals. In conclusion, the participants showed great motivation to tackle their integration satisfactorily considering the difficulties they were likely to encounter. Finally, the use of the Photovoice technique was perceived to be positive by the participants, especially as a means of participation and expression.
Drug addictions; therapeutic community; halfway houses; integration; discussion groups, Photovoice.
Copyright (c) 2022 Laia Casals, Fran Calvo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Copyright (c) 2021 Juan R. Coca http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Homelessness and Public Space: A Case Study of the City of Alcalá de Henares
In the framework of the sociology of homelessness, it has been argued that the increasing expansion of economic neoliberalism leads to a new criminalisation and segregation of homeless people. This process is materialised, among other ways, through the control and regulation of public space. Through a case study, this article presents exploratory research carried out in Alcalá de Henares (Madrid). The research methodology combines quantitative data (obtained from the only source of data on homelessness that exists in this city), and qualitative information collected through semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The results show a progressive "expulsion" of homeless people from the city centre to the most degraded areas of the city. At the same time, this process coexists with social actions that try to attend to these people. There is a tense situation between different actors and interests in relation to public space, which should be addressed in order to guarantee everyone's right to the city and to counteract attitudes of rejection towards the most extreme poverty.
personas sin techo; espacio público; neoliberalismo; criminalización; segregación
Copyright (c) 2021 María José Rubio-Martín http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pressure to succeed in sport: An empirical analysis of the causal process that drives athletes to infringe rules
Opportunity blocking is a source of frustration historically associated with crime and other deviant behaviour. Contemporary versions of frustration theories further predict that the effects of opportunity blocking on offending are conditioned by a range of individual and social factors. This study empirically analyses the latter hypothesis in the context of sports activity/competition. More specifically, we analyse whether the influence of opportunity blocking on a series of unsporting behaviours is greater when athletes need or depend (professionally, occupationally or emotionally) on certain results. To do so, we use a sample of active athletes made up of undergraduate and postgraduate students from the Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), as well as athletes who are members of sports clubs or schools in various disciplines and who compete at different levels. A series of simple moderation analyses based on the linear regression model confirm the hypothesis put forward.
Blocking opportunities, frustration, conditioning effects, moderation analysis, rule breaking.
Copyright (c) 2021 Marco Teijón Alcalá http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Social emergencies and emergencies from the perspective of Social Services: the role of Social Work
Introduction: The field of social urgencies and emergencies is one of those considered prominent in the discipline of Social Work. The aim of this paper is to clarify the meaning and use given by social services to the terms urgency and emergency, both from a legislative point of view and from the point of view of the social workers who intervene in these situations, and to gather proposals for improvement at a training level. Material and methods: Using a qualitative methodology, a content analysis was carried out of the Social Services laws of Aragon, Catalonia and the Community of Madrid, as these are Autonomous Communities where important actions have been carried out in this field in recent years. In addition, a total of seven interviews were conducted with social workers from these Autonomous Regions with a long history in this field. Results: Different nuances in the concepts of urgency and emergency in the legislation of the three Autonomous Regions analysed can be seen, with the consequent differences in the interventions considered within each term. On the other hand, the discourse of the professionals shows more coincidences, pointing out the important work of social workers in this field. Discussion: The lack of definition and ambiguity of the terms urgency and social emergency, the need to clarify their definitions, as well as the lack of specific training in these subjects in the official academic itineraries of Social Work.
urgency, emergency, social work, social services, Spain
Copyright (c) 2021 Sandra Romero-Martín, Elisa Esteban-Carbonell, María del Mar Del Rincón Ruiz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Preventive behaviour of youth in the face of COVID-19
As of March 2020, the Spanish Government, after declaring a state of alarm throughout the national territory, by means of Royal Decree 463/2020, has defined different measures in order to face the health and social crisis caused by COVID-19, which have demanded a committed social response from the different sectors of the population. Social Work, not only in terms of intervention but also in the field of research, has been contributing knowledge based on reality, in order to address, among other preventive measures in the face of the pandemic. The following is a quantitative cross-sectional study, developed in collaboration with the Youth Department of Malaga City Council and the Civic Association for Prevention (ACP), with the aim of measuring the behaviour and attitudes of 1,066 young people in Malaga with respect to the preventive measures proposed to mitigate the spread of the virus. The results show that there is a commitment among young people in the city of Malaga to stop the spread of the virus, beyond being punished for not wearing a mask, with a greater concern for not infecting people close to them and not becoming infected. The conclusion is that there is a need to continue promoting awareness of the prevention of personal and social contagion in order to reduce the probability of being infected by the coronavirus, measures that can have a greater effect than purely punitive measures, where young people are not held solely responsible for the increase in contagion.
COVID-19, youth, prevention, face masks, Social Work
Copyright (c) 2021 Rafael Arredondo Quijada, Ana Cristina Ruiz Mosquera, Sara Olivares Alvarez http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The "malaise" that has no name: women researchers in COVID19 times
In the current pandemic context, a very worrying scenario of inequality between women and men emerges as a result of the inequalities that have worsened during this global pandemic. This article examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the existing gender gap in science and the consequences this has had on the health and quality of life of women academics. Through the analysis of several studies carried out in our country and the international scientific literature, it is concluded that confinement has accelerated inequality between male and female academics, mainly as a result of the "care gap" and the sexist division of labour that still survives in academia, leading to deterioration and deterioration of the working conditions of female researchers: more exhaustion, less sleep, more fatigue, more hours of academic teleworking, reproductive and care work and less time available for themselves, and consequently, less scientific production compared to their male colleagues, with the future consequences in the wage gap that this will mean.
Gender gap; COVID19-19; Care; Science; Sexism; Women's health.
Copyright (c) 2021 Águeda Gómez Suárez, Iria Vázquez Silva http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Pandemic times: podcasting and participation as a tool for intergenerational health and encounter
An experience of intergenerational training and community participation between students of the Faculty of Education of Soria and older people is reported. This intervention was carried out in the first four-month period of 2020-21. The action consists of an approach to the podcast as a tool for socio-educational innovation and communication between groups of different ages and educational contexts. The aim is to strengthen relations between the two groups and promote meeting actions in the context of COVID-19. The aim is to stimulate rapprochement, eliminate geronto-phobic prejudices and promote social health. The action is based on the premise of lifelong education in formal, non-formal and informal contexts. The pandemic adds the emerging objective of alleviating unchosen isolation, especially among the most vulnerable older people. This is a comprehensive experience, based on ethnographic fieldwork and centred on experimentation. It is concluded that this type of action reduces social prejudices and the impact of the digital divide and that, despite the unfulfilled desires of the participants (who experienced the screen as a barrier and facilitator of encounters), positive and healthy socio-affective synergies are generated in both groups.
social health, intergenerational, lifelong learning, COVID19 , citizen participation
Copyright (c) 2021 Lidia Sanz Molina, Susana Gómez Redondo, Elena Jiménez García http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Impact on the activity of rare disease organisations and their relatives during the COVID-19 containment in Spain
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a health crisis, with wide-ranging repercussions. Rare disease (RD) services have been affected by the changes resulting from the measures for their management. This study has analysed the impact of strict containment on the services and activity of RD-related organisations. A total of 81 RE entities in Spain participated in the study. The results showed that there has been a negative effect on the number of activities and services that the entities have been able to provide during this period. This was due both to the elimination of these activities and services and to the changes that had to be made in order to be able to provide them.
Enclosure; COVID-19; Rare Diseases; associations; third sector;
Copyright (c) 2021 José Manuel Guerra, Gema Esteban-Bueno, Juan R. Coca http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Dietary inequality in adolescents: a review of scientific literature
This article is based on an analysis of the scientific literature on dietary inequality among the adolescent population. This analysis shows that, in Spain, diseases related to unhealthy eating are increasing at the same time as the Mediterranean diet is being replaced by another type of diet in which processed foods predominate. One of the most vulnerable groups with regard to unhealthy eating is adolescents. They have a worse diet than other age groups, but among themselves, there are also differences according to socio-economic status. The environment where people live can be a good indicator to analyse the above-mentioned differences, thus, the neighbourhood where people live seems to be a determining factor in their health and also in their diet. There are two theoretical models, which we believe are suitable for the study of dietary differences in adolescents; one is the model of dietary determinants, composed of the cultural, physical, social and personal environment; the other model is the Angelo framework, based mainly on obesity and including factors related to both diet and physical activity.
Food, inequality, neighbourhood, adolescents
Copyright (c) 2021 Jesús Rivera Navarro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Ignorance and complexity: The sociology of mental illness
Is the sociology of mental illness possible? This article addresses this question by first describing the lack of proven knowledge about mental illness (ignorance). Secondly, it describes how social systems approach the complexity that this fact entails from a sociology of systems. Having addressed these two key elements, we review four contributions to the sociology of mental illness: first, the concept of mental health literacy in contemporary societies; second, we describe the complex web that associates a stigma of violence and dangerousness with mental illness; third, the proposal of agent-based models; and finally, the social imaginaries of mental illness as tools for understanding the simplification of the complexity and management of ignorance that every social system faces. The article ends by answering in the affirmative to the question posed and delimiting the conditions of possibility for a sociology of mental illness.
Medical sociology, mental illness, sociology, systems sociology, social imaginaries
Copyright (c) 2021 Manuel Torres Cubeiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Although there is a large body of research that relates social conditions to the levels of infection of covid-19 disease, it has hardly been contextualised in the agricultural setting. Given this gap, this study delves into the social determinants that have an impact on high incidence rates of the pandemic in an agricultural labour context, where a large immigrant population, such as the Murcian municipality of Totana, converges. Based on an action-research methodology, secondary sources of information (review of studies and statistical analysis of databases) are complemented with three primary sources applied to different social agents: a) a survey of workers in a fruit and vegetable company; b) in-depth interviews with representatives of vulnerable households; and c) a discussion group with professionals from different areas of intervention in the face of the socio-health emergency. The results allow us to link the social conditions of the municipality with the lower levels of social protection and, therefore, of pandemic prevention. While the surveyed population shows a medium-high level of knowledge of the risks of the pandemic, the most vulnerable groups have real limitations, derived from deficient socio-occupational and residential conditions. The professionals emphasise that the pandemic has accentuated pre-existing social risks, linked to the strong attraction of seasonal agricultural labour. The study verifies that the precarious employment and residential conditions of a large group of the local population have had an impact on their higher levels of contagion, mainly among foreign nationals, who have fewer family and/or educational resources.
social vulnerability, social determinants, covid-19 pandemic, immigration, agricultural context, Totana (Region of Murcia).
Copyright (c) 2021 Manuel Hernández Pedreño, Eduardo Romero Sánchez, Francisco Eduardo Haz Gómez, Olga García Luque http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Validation of a Scale to Measure the Index of Teachers’ Intercultural Efficacy
In view of the growing cultural diversity in the classroom, there is a demand for better and wider training of future teachers in mul-ticulturalism management with the aim of promoting effective intercultu-ral professionals. Starting from this need, we present in this article the adaptation of the Multicultural Efficacy Scale (MES) of Guyton & Wesche (2005), giving rise to the Intercultural Efficacy Scale (EEFI). For this, the MES has been adapted, data of n. = 297 teachers and master’s degree students in Spain have been collected, and the scale has been validated. The Cronbach alpha reliability test has been applied, an exploratory facto-rial analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis of the model, proposing a second model whose goodness-of-fit has been optimal.
Copyright (c) 2021 Tatiana Íñiguez-Berrozpe, Carmen Elboj-Saso, Ainhoa Flecha, Ariadna Munté Pascual http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
An analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Spanish energy sector: how it is presented, how it is perceived
This paper analyzes the Corporate Social Responsibility of companies in the energy sector that are listed on the Ibex 35. It revolves around contrasting the stance taken by these companies on the policies of commitment to society in social or environmental terms, included in Corporate Social Responsibility theories, with the company’s own perception of these business actions. The question is whether these policies respond to a sophisticated marketing strategy, or instead constitute a true and real corporate commitment to issues that concern society as a whole. The study is organized to follow the Triple Bottom Line (economic, social and environmental concerns), while focusing on the social and environmental dimensions. To do this, two indices are developed and compared. The Sustainability Index, which collects the information provided in the company’s sustainability reports for a period of three years, and the Real Sustainability Index, which represents the perception of society in general, obtained from various sources external to the company itself. The analysis concludes that companies in the sector carry out actions that are perceived as insufficient in their social dimension while society expresses a more positive assessment of the environmental field. Therefore, it should be noted that the Social Responsibility policies implemented by the companies analyzed, especially in
business commitment and company objectives
Copyright (c) 2021 Diana Victoria Lasierra Asún http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Social aspirations among adolescents in Mexico
The aim of this research article is to analyze the opinions of adolescents that are at risk of falling prey to violence and delinquency in the local municipalities of Xalapa, Poza Rica, Puerto de Veracruz and Coatzacoalcos in the state of Veracruz (Mexico). The field work was carried out in poverty-stricken neighbourhoods as categorized by the Department of Social Development. For the purposes of our research, we took a sampling from primary and secondary schools located within the areas under study, with the participation of 434 adolescents from 10 to 14 years of age. A descriptive approach was adopted to analyze the data, with correlations being discussed and the data analysis carried out using SPSS version 25. It was found that adolescents clearly identify the problems in their family, school, neighbourhood and country. However, they are willing to work for social change. 72% of those surveyed see themselves as a professional in ten years, while 69% see themselves working or studying in ten years’ time. It should be noted that social inequality, social practices, context and culture place limits on their social wellbeing. Therefore, we propose a model of social intervention, implemented by social management, where they are the ones that take decisions concerning their future based on cumulative economic, social, cultural and symbolic capital.
Copyright (c) 2021 Nemesio Castillo Viveros, José Alfredo Zavaleta Betancourt, Erika Patricia Rojas González http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Gender-based violence as State responsiblity: an approach to sociopolitical, police and judicial discourse in Argentina
Law 26485, on the full protection for the prevention, sanction and eradication of violence against women, amounted to the formal recognition of male violence as a matter of state in Argentina, but not the implementation of public policies to deal with this issue. In order to ascertain the State’s response to this type of violence, between February and June 2017, a series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant actors in each of the systems involved in the sphere of prevention. These aimed to bring out the principles, operational and logical intervention dynamics for each one, through the use of discourse analysis. Our research regarding sociopolitical, judicial and police aspects has enabled us to learn how this is understood and implemented in a country where, according to official data, the number of cases has not ceased to grow and hence, through such work, to make a critical contribution to academic debate with respect to so-called secondary prevention of gender-based violence.
Copyright (c) 2021 Paz Olaciregui Rodríguez http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Noche de muestreo de personas sin hogar en la ciudad de Cádiz 2019. Características y tendencias del sinhogarismo
This article shows the results of the last night of sampling of homeless people carried out in the city of Cadiz in 2019. The aim of the count is to learn about the evolution and characteristics of the homeless population. The method employed consists of holding a sampling night, which involves combing the city and the overnight facilities to survey all the people located during the given night. The data reflect the socio-demographic characteristics of the population, their use of resources, their biographical history, the causes of their situation and, finally, their health and living conditions. In conclusion, the information analyzed confirms the transformation of the profiles of the homeless towards an increasing feminization and juvenalization of the group.
Copyright (c) 2021 Gabriel Robles Gavira http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
User satisfaction for the Home Help Service for dependent people: study of an urban neighbourhood (Barrio Oliver, Zaragoza)
Introduction: The aim of this study is to discover the degree of satisfaction perceived by beneficiaries (whether direct or indirect) of the Home Help Service as an indicator of quality; to analyze the results obtained; and to propose options for improvement aimed at increasing people’s quality of life. Specific objective: to ascertain the initial expectations of the beneficiaries of the programme along with their perception of the support received and to define which tasks generate the greatest burden on the caregiver. Material and methods: transversal descriptive study analyzing primary data. Interviews lasting approximately one hour were carried out in May 2018 in the homes of beneficiaries of the Service in the Barrio Oliver neighbourhood in Zaragoza. There were 26 participants in all, consisting of dependents, or their informal carers - beneficiaries of the Home Help Service for dependent people belonging to the Oliver Municipal Social Services Centre in Zaragoza. As an empirical framework, a questionnaire was prepared for use by the authors, with the results being analyzed by means of the Pareto Chart, this being a tool used for measuring quality. Results: the computation of hours dedicated to domestic care is very similar for all beneficiaries, regardless of their state of health, with huge differences being noted in personal attention. Users indicate a high level of satisfaction for the services received Conclusions: there is a need to implement improvement processes, mainly with regard to the domestic tasks provided. These encourage personal autonomy, along with improvement in the quality of life of both the dependent person and their family caregiver.
Copyright (c) 2021 Eduardo Alberto Leché Martín, Ana Gil-Lacruz, Marta Gil-Lacruz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Two decades after the implementation of Organic Law 5/2000: a look at forensic social work from a rights-based approach or perspective
Twenty years have passed since Organic Law 5/2000 came into force on 12 January regulating the criminal liability of minors and successive amendments (hereinafter referred to as LORRPM), with many changes being made to the framework of juvenile criminal justice in Spain. While it is true that the figure of the social worker already existed, this new regulation instituted a fresh approach, not only in criminal matters, but also anchoring the concept of social work as a professional forensic discipline, given the fact that Regulation 1774/2004, of 30 July, concerning the LORRPM, has established the basis for explaining in greater detail our functions and powers within technical teams. In line with the above, issues are presented relating to the collaboration and participatory and representative social intervention of the forensic social worker, from a rights-based perspective. By so doing, some procedural or methodological unknowns are revealed, enabling a mental framework of critical and reflective thinking to be fomented in the reader.
Copyright (c) 2021 Emiliano A. Curbelo Hernández http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Consolidation of clinical and experimental research in Social Work from 1960 to the present day: experiments, quasi-experiments and Single Case Design Evaluation (SCDE)
This article analyzes how Social Work has been able to provide a direct link between professional practice and the generation of knowledge through professional intervention. In this regard, Social Work has used various methodologies and scientific procedures such as experimental and quasiexperimental designs, along with so-called Single Case Design Evaluation (SCDE). In this study the different types and potentialities are described for the direct generaton of scientific knowledge based on the evaluation of professional practice. The method consists of analyzing publications on experimentation and SCDE, taking Scopus as a reference, with data exported from 1960 to the present. 14 variables have been analyzed for such purpose. Findings: there has been a significant increase in the number of publications on “Experimentation in Social Work” and “Single Case Design Evaluation in Social Work”, especially during the past decade. The United States and United Kingdom are the main producers of experimentation in Social Work. It is concluded that Social Work has been able to harness such strategies of methodological research to consolidate research capacity and generation of knowledge, whether for the generation of theory or for professional intervention purposes.
Copyright (c) 2021 Evaristo Barrera-Algarín http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Quantification and prescription: what is the situation concerning room for manoeuvre enjoyed by social workers and users?
The implementation of social policies has led to the principle of making evaluation a standard for organizing the vocational integration sector. Evaluating social policies is currently all but limited exclusively to analyzing quantitative criteria determined by subsidiary claims dependent on political will. In this article we propose a critical and reflective approach based on a case study, seeking to answer a three-pronged question, namely: what are the effects on how work is organized, on the recipients of social measures, and on the workers themselves?
Copyright (c) 2021 Pierre Artois http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Approach to emerging challenges for Community Social Work from the experience of Covid-19. Towards a participatory design of social policies
This article attempts to reflect on the importance that Com- munity Social Work (CSW) can have in aiding the co-production of public policies. The goal is to highlight, from a community and participatory point of view, the need for greater involvement of users of the social services sys- tem in the design of those policies that most affect them. The methodology used is of an exploratory nature, involving significant documentary review. Although our results are not conclusive, they do point to the need to pro- gressively involve all actors in the dynamics of new social policy designs, especially given the impact of Covid-19 on social service structures. It con- cludes by highlighting the need to activate new roles for CSR professionals to encourage the social empowerment processes of the beneficiaries of such policies.
community social work, social innovation, public policy, co-production and participation, covid-19.
Copyright (c) 2021 Antonio Eito Mateo, Jesús García Martínez, Antonio Matías Solanilla http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Social work and social services: Two key elements for developing the Family Mediation System in Aragon
The work presented has its origin in applied social research published in June 2020 entitled: “How to implement a family mediation sys- tem in Aragon”. Starting from the description of the lights and shadows of the current family mediation system, it explains the significance of social work and social services in an effort to advance towards a renewed system that will encourage and promote extrajudicial mediation as generated by such services. By so doing, this will add weight to the preventive dimension of intervention in family conflicts. It will also enable family mediation to be exercised either as a specific technique within the sphere of family interven- tion or as a specific methodology or service that is deployed from different theoretical models, depending on each case. In this context, social work as a discipline and as a profession is particu- larly relevant due to the training afforded not only to the practice of family mediation but also to other complementary techniques or methodologies of family intervention.
Copyright (c) 2021 Carmen Mesa Raya, Jorge Gracia Ibáñez, Alba Mª Fernández-Campo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Strategic analysis of the migration of talent within the European Union
Introduction: this article focuses primarily on highlighting the importance of the mobility of human resources, especially talent, within the European Union. This is approached from the premise that the phenomenon is beco- ming ever more prevalent in today’s world due to the presence of a deep- rooted sense of competition. Methodology: a large part of the article is devoted to the collection of data from two different perspectives: economics and education. The quantitative data is then analysed using statistical correlations (Pearson’s coefficient). Results: there are a number of findings that draw attention to the relation- ship between the variables forming the object of this study, particularly in the case where any significant statistical correlations emerge. Conclusion: the relationship between the macroeconomic and educatio- nal variables selected in this study throw up relevant information that reveals the general situation of the mobility of EU talent, providing a glimpse of the new challenges – both general and individual – that the member states need to tackle.
Copyright (c) 2020 Marta Ferrer Serrano, María Pilar Latorre Martínez, Ramón Hermoso Traba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Geographical mobility of young people in rural Spain at the turn of the century: evolution of expectations between 1997 and 2012
In recent decades, rural emigration has started to wane in Spain, although in many places there is still an exodus of young adults, which makes it difficult for many towns to survive and often determines the expectations of new generations. The aim of this study is to see how the expectations of geographical mobility have evolved among Spanish adolescents residing in rural areas, in four different phases between 1997 and 2012. This analysis focuses on how minors perceive and intend to build their future, and also in the difficulties they imagine they might en- counter along the way. Qualitative methodology has been designed as a result of the need to apply an exploratory approach that is both inductive and descriptive in nature. In particular, the methodology followed was si- milar to the one used by Bernot and Blancard (1953) and entailed analy- sing the content of school essays written by pupils of 13-15 years of age, who were in their second year of secondary education (known as ESO in Spain) and were asked to write on the following topic: “Assuming that you may live to the age of 100, how do you see your future, starting with your immediate future and running through adolescence, adulthood and later life?” 872 essays were studied throughout the four phases of the research, from more than 100 schools all over the country. The essays were done in class as just another academic activity set by the teaching staff at the various educational establishments, following the methodological instruc- tions given. From the research it is concluded that territorial mobility would not be one of the adolescents’ main concerns throughout the entire period under study, despite the fact that their migration prospects may well have increased: there is a greater preference for short-haul mobility in all stages of the study; from 2008 onwards emigration overseas starts to be obser- ved: or else a significant number of minors wish to return to their place of origin once they have finished their training. Social control will no longer be a determining factor in deciding whether to emigrate, in the enquiries made after 2007.
Copyright (c) 2020 Diego Gastón Faci, Jaime Minguijón Pablo, Eva Tomás del Río https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Socio-demographic profile of teenage mothers in Spain
In this paper we describe the evolution of teenage maternity and early pregnancies in Spain from the mid-1990s until 2017. Thanks to the examination of secondary data from national surveys and the handling of findings from a large body of research carried out prior to our own, we draw attention to the sexual and affective behaviours of adolescents residing in this country and take a closer look at the socio-demographic profile of those girls that have given birth before the age of 20 during this period.
Copyright (c) 2020 Ana Lucía Hernández Cordero, Alessandro Gentile, Elena Luminita Tanase https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Analysis of the roles and functions of the school social worker in Spain: evolution of legislation and types of intervention
Social work in a school environment is still relatively unknown in Spain, whereas in countries like the USA it has already accu- mulated over 100 years of history. Nevertheless, education is known to be one of the fields in which the direct impact of social work is evident at all levels, ranging from the individual to the family. This includes various social groups spawned by primary school, as well as those that emerge at community level. It is a fact that, in accordance with current educational legislation, social work can indeed be found in primary and secondary schools. However, in Spain it is rarely specified in the figure of the school social worker. In this study we review the social work performed in Spanish schools, to shed light on a facet of the profession that is invisible and still denied by a large number of professionals, who still confuse it with the work done by psychologists and school counselors. With this in mind, we look at the legislative development enjoyed by the social worker in the educational sector, in addition to analysing its functions in the fields and intervention models pertaining to social work.
technical teachers for community services
Copyright (c) 2020 Diana Valero Errazu, Ana C. Romea, Aranzazu Palain Pescador https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Volunteering as a determining factor in resilience and mastering emotions: the case of social work students
This study aims to inform on the relationship between vo- lunteering, emotional intelligence and resilience, by looking at a sample of 47 Social Work undergraduates. Data were collected using the following scales: Volunteer Motivation, Trait Meta-Mood Scale, and Resilience Sca- le. The results show that students have a positive view of the practice of volunteering. In addition, we have also detected a relationship between the knowledge obtained from doing voluntary work, emotional regulation, and perseverance. Furthermore, a theoretical causal model for mediation is offered to explain the relationship between these variables. In particular, the data indicate that knowledge has an impact on emotional regulation and that this affects perseverance. Finally, the practical repercussions of this study underline the need to encourage the practice of voluntary work.
Ascención Gumersinda Rodríguez-Fernández
Copyright (c) 2020 Carmen Salvador-Ferrer, María Daniela Jurado-Pérez, Ascención Gumersinda Rodríguez-Fernández cuando se publique. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the reasons underpinning the decision to opt for social entrepreneurship as a bu- siness model. With this in mind, the methodology used involves carrying out an exploratory analysis structured in three stages. First, the Delphi method is applied to identify the main reasons motivating such a decision, with the aid of 20 experts in social entrepreneurship. Next, we analyse the assessment given both by these experts and a group of 21 social entrepreneurs, on the importance of the motivating factors identified in this decision. Finally, a com- parative analysis of the assessments of each group is performed to detect any significant differences in their perceptions. Among the results obtained, most noteworthy is the consensus concerning the intensity of motivating factors relating to self-realisation, to fulfilling a dream driven by an extraor- dinary passion. On the other hand, there is discrepancy among experts and social entrepreneurs concerning the incidence of ideological motivating fac- tors, based on a deep-rooted social awareness, along with economic and occupational factors
Copyright (c) 2020 Esperanza García-Uceda, Josefina L. Murillo-Luna, Jesús Asín Lafuente https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Protagonists of change: political identities and participation of Spanish youth in elections, 1982-2016
In this study we look at several variables that help us understand the level of participation of Spanish youth throughout the current period of democracy, and also their political preferences. On the basis of our hypothe- ses, indicators of participation in elections reveal that Spanish young people participate in general elections to a lesser extent than adults and are slightly to the left with respect to the other age groups. As regards party preferences, the study shows that the various mutations in political colour that have taken place in Spain coincide with a change of party preference among young people but not with any increase in their participation in elections. Regarding the latter, we found a suggestion of “structural abstentionism” among the young electorate. The study reveals a disinterest in politics among young Spaniards, accompanied by abstention with an optional component. We conclude by demonstrating the key role played by young people in the alter- nation of power in Spain between 1982 and 2016.
Copyright (c) 2020 Alejandro Espí Hernández https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Childhood in margins: romans in contexts of vulnerability and mobility
The purpose of this research is to analyse the situation of chil- dren of Romanian or Roma origin settled together with their families in the shanty town known as El Gallinero (Madrid). This qualitative approach is based on fieldwork carried out between 2010 until its completion in 2018. As a starting point on which to base the theory of our research, an analy- sis was performed of the documentation and legislation concerning social integration and risk situations. Likewise, how such situations impaired the quality of life of the inhabitants was considered and also how they acted as a catalyst for human mobility between various countries in the EU, affec- ting the physical and psychological development of the children concer- ned. The deterioration of the environment and the complications involved in implementing social intervention projects require interventions that can be adapted more extensively to community needs and culture. In this article we reveal the empirical work carried out both with the families and also the social entities involved in the settlement.
Copyright (c) 2020 José David Gutiérrez Sánchez, María José Alcalá del Olmo Fernández https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The influence of law in Final Degree Projects in Social Work at the University of Salamanca
Throughout the past few years, Final Degree Projects, or FDP (known as Trabajos de Fin de Grado or TFG in Spanish), have emerged as an important source of information and research within the academic field pertaining to Social Work. In this paper, the influence of Law is analysed, along with the methodological strategies used by undergraduates studying for a degree in Social Work at the University of Salamanca between 2012 and 2018. A total of 781 papers were analysed altogether. As our main con- clusions, we can highlight the hegemony of the quantitative approach, the prevalence of contextualised issues within the framework of Law, and the field of General Public Law as a recurring theme.
Copyright (c) 2020 María Saavedra Gutiérrez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The beginning of the Primary Care Social Services in Aragon
The Primary Care Social Services in Aragon were first set up in Zaragoza in 1980 and a few years later they also opened up in various towns in the three Aragonese provinces. On the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of the first experiences, it is imperative to recall what these beginnings were like and try to see them in the context of those times. With this in mind, a bibliographical search and analysis was conducted both with respect to the various legal provisions and also for the first reports published on these services. Likewise, it is also necessary to point out and recognise the role played by the social workers as, in most cases, it always turned out to be women at the head of these services right from the outset.
Copyright (c) 2020 Antonio Matías Solanilla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los contenidos procedimentales en la asignatura trabajo social II-UNLU
El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de lso contenidos procedimentales en la asignatura trabajo social II-UNLU
La persona mayor dependiente y su familia: nuevas formas de relación
La persoana mayor dependiente y su familia: nuevas formas de relación
La casa en el proceso de cambio de la sociedad rural aragonesa
La Casa aragonesa es una comunidad familiar y patrimonial que sin ser reconocida como persona jurídica, es sujeto de relaciones jurídicas y en torno a la cual se organizan las principales instituciones familiares y sucesorias forales aragonesas, especialmente en el Pirineo aragonés, dirigidas a la conservación del patrimonio y a la perpetuación de la estructura familiar. Esta estructura, el modo de vida tradicional, y la sociedad que lo sustentaba ha entrado en crisis profunda, por lo que se analizan las repercusiones a través de los sistemas de herencia y las posibilidades de reorganización de la institución en el mundo rural.
Comunidades familiares, Casa aragonesa, Derecho Civil aragonés, Instituciones familiares consuetudinarias, Sistemas de herencia en Aragón.
La legislación ha tratado de proteger el medio ambiente prohibiendo la acampada, limitándola, controlándola o integrándola en otros conjuntos de medidas. Hoy día la legislación debe perseguir también la prevención y educación ambiental.
Acampada, Campamento, Medio ambiente, Naturaleza, Responsabilidad
Flexibilidad del mercado de trabajo y creación de empleo
Análisis de la interrelación flexibilidad-empleo. Incidencia de los cambios tecnológicos en la polémica flexibilidad-"desarme normativo". Situación de problema en España y breve análisis de la flexibilidad de entrada en el mercado de trabajo europeo.
Flexibilidad, Empleo, Contratación: estructura coyuntural, Cambio Tecnológico, Mercado de trabajo, Rigidez, Desarme normativo
Estudio sobre las mujeres demandantes de primer empleo inscritas en las oficinas del INEM de Zaragoza
Dentro del colectivo de «parados» se debe diferenciar a un grupo que reúne unas características y problemática especial, las «mujeres demandantes de primer empleo», que no ha sido tenido en cuenta como conjunto delimitado al que la situación de desempleo afecta de manera especial. Es esta situación la que se ha estudiado, analizando cuales son los rasgos que comparten estas mujeres, la influencia que tiene en ellas el desempleo en todos los aspectos: económico, familiar, psicológico y social, y las posibles medidas que se podrían adoptar para solucionar el problema.
Demasiadas Investigaciones sobre las consecuencias de las Nuevas Tecnologías han atribuido a las mismas cualidades y virtudes que no poseen como algo propio, contribuyendo así a crear una mitología, terrores o esperanzas que se han alejado de la realidad social.
El mercado político de las decisiones públicas
El intento de aplicar el análisis económico, en la pretensión de elaborar una teoría de la acción gubernamental, pasa por analizar las motivaciones y el comportamiento de los agentes que intervienen en el proceso de toma de decisiones públicas, dirigentes del gobierno, políticos, votantes y grupos de presión, durante el periodo electoral, dentro del funciona­ miento de un sistema democrático, así como los efectos que conlleva la acción política, en una sociedad como la que estamos inmersos, donde no existe información perfecta y donde, por lo tanto, este limitado conocimiento de los asuntos públicos es un factor necesario para explicar la eficiencia de los grupos de presión.
Grupos de presión, Votantes. Partidos políticos, Gobierno
Alguna de las corrientes comunicológicas en boga aboga por la idea de que la historia del futuro quedará reducida a una imagen de televisión de la que se excluirá el acontecimiento. En realidad, los acontecimientos seguirán su propio curso sin que logren afectar nuestra visión, sin que la ocurrencia televisiva padezca en absoluto. Lo que aparezca en pantalla -la pantalla, nunca mejor dicho, actuará como una pantalla- será otra cosa. El viejo narrador -que mintiera o no, no importa- que solía decirnos cosas por el estilo de «yo estuve allí», o «lo vi con mis propios ojos» vendrá a ser sustituido por un actuario que dirá algo así como «yo desde esta pantalla, os voy a ocurrir lo que vais a ver, creadme» o «mirad, mirad con el ojo del asiento». Lo significativo no consistirá, por lo tanto, en que las historias sean firmadas, ni siquiera que aparezcan filmadas; lo significativo será que parezcan filmadas y que, existencias aparte, sean seguidas de algún debate en frecuencia modulada.
El fomento sistemático de la desconfianza
Dado que los niños reciben mensajes condicionadores antes de tener las facultades críticas formadas, se propone experimentar con un modelo de televisión que les permita desconfiar sistemáticamente de cuanto dicen los adultos, incluido su lenguaje.
Tendencias de la investigación en la sociología de la comunicación de masas
Panorámica sumaria sobre el origen y formación de la sociología de la comunicación de masas, a través de la reseña de las distintas corrientes de investigación que son significativas en el ámbito internacional. Inaugurada en Norteamérica bajo los requerimientos del sistema, ha sido contestada por la sociología crítica, siendo también reorientada con otros fines alternativos en diversos países.
Sociología de la comunicación, Comunicación de masas, Efectos de los medios, Investigación de públicos