Reconstruction of Inlet Flow-Rate Waveforms in 1D Arterial Hemodynamic Models Using Adjoint Methods and Peripheral Pressure Measurements

Abstract

Reduced-order haemodynamic models —one- or zero-dimensional— can reproduce with high accuracy the averaged pressure, cross-sectional area, and volumetric blood flow rate in arterial and venous vessels. For these models to represent patient-specific waveforms and be applicable in clinical scenarios, efficient real-time calibration techniques are required. This work introduces an adjoint-based method applied to a one-dimensional arterial model to reconstruct the inlet flow-rate waveform from a downstream reference pressure signal, which can be readily obtained using applanation tonometry or brachial cuffs, achieving accurate results with low computational cost.