Test del verde de indocianina: ¿es realmente útil en cirugía de colon y recto?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_arcol/archcolo.202024567Palabras clave:
test verde indocianina, cirugía, colon, rectoResumen
El verde de Indocianina (Indocyanine Green-ICG) es un polvo liofilizado de color verde, soluble en agua y con unas propiedades que lo hacen muy útil en la práctica clínica. PROPIEDADES MOLECULARES:
- Fórmula química: (sal monosódica 2-{7-[1,1-dimetil-3-(4-sulfobutil)benz[e]- indolin-2-iliden]hepta-1,3,5-trienil}-1,1-dimetil-1H-benz[e]indolio-3-(butil-4- sulfonato)
- Contiene una proporción de yoduro de sodio inferior al 5% como contaminante.
- Peso molecular: 774,97 daltons.
Haciendo un breve repaso a su historia, cabe destacar que fue desarrollado por primera vez durante la 2ª Guerra Mundial por Eastman Kodak como colorante fotográfico sensible a los infrarrojos y en 1956 fue testado para el uso en humanos en la Clínica Mayo. Tres años más tarde, en el año 1959 la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) aprobó su uso para estudios de dilución de colorante y para el diagnóstico de la función hepática y en el año 1975 autorizó su empleo para la realización de angiografías oftálmicas.
Es en 1991cuando la compañía Pulsion la comercializa en Alemania y más recientemente, en 2007 se registra como medicamento en nuestro país.
A pesar de ser un compuesto con una toxicidad muy baja (0,005% complicaciones), se han descrito efectos indeseables leves como náuseas, urticaria, erupción cutánea y taquicardia y reacciones anafilactoides como laringoespasmo, broncoespasmo e hipotensión arterial. Incluso están descritos casos anecdóticos de shock anafiláctico en relación con partidas defectuosas del producto.
Aunque no hay suficientes datos para determinar su teratogenicidad está contraindicado su uso en embarazadas, neonatos y prematuros. Además, no debe emplearse en pacientes con alergia al yodo, con hipertiroisismo y también es recomendable evitar su uso en pacientes con hepatopatías importantes.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Erica María Barreiro Domínguez, Carlos Montero Zorrilla, Miriam Ortín Navarro
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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