Utilidad de la prehabilitación en cancer colorectal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_arcol/archcolo.202115448Palabras clave:
cirugía colorrectal, prehabilitaciónResumen
Se estima que en España en 2020 se diagnosticarán 44 231 nuevos casos de cáncer colorectal y la cirugía tiene un papel clave en el tratamiento con intención curativa. Una baja capacidad funcional está relacionada con una mayor morbimortalidad y una recuperación postoperatoria lenta. La prehabilitación es un conjunto de medidas que tienen por objetivo aprovechar el período preoperatorio para prevenir o atenuar el deterioro funcional relacionado con la cirugía y sus consecuencias. La forma más habitual de realizarla es la trimodal, con intervenciones a nivel de capacidad física, estado nutricional y soporte psicológico. Hasta la fecha se han publicado pocos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados en cirugía colorectal y hay cierta dificultad para elegir un parámetro que permita concluir su eficacia. Sin embargo, la evidencia disponible sugiere que la prehabilitación tiene efectos beneficiosos en la reducción de las complicaciones y acelerar la recuperación postoperatoria y se podría plantear su uso en forma sistemática.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Gerardo Rodríguez León, Manolo León Valarezo
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