Paisaje cultural de la lactancia: un análisis basado en corpus y de enfoque contrastivo de los discursos sobre la lactancia materna en la prensa italiana y anglófona
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.202612923Palabras clave:
lactancia materna, análisis del discurso asistido por corpus, valoración (appraisal), maternidad, representación mediáticaResumen
Este artículo investiga cómo se construye discursivamente la lactancia materna en los medios de comunicación italianos y anglófonos contemporáneos mediante un análisis comparado de corpus. Dos corpus periodísticos comparables, cada uno compuesto por 100 artículos publicados entre 2021 y 2023, fueron compilados a partir de la base de datos Nexis Uni. El estudio combina el Análisis del Discurso Basado en Corpus con la Teoría de la Valoración para examinar cómo la lactancia materna es representada, evaluada y legitimada en el discurso mediático. El análisis de frecuencias y de concordancias revela que la alimentación infantil se presenta predominantemente como una responsabilidad materna en ambos corpus, donde las madres emergen como los actores sociales centrales mientras que los padres permanecen en gran medida marginados. En los dos conjuntos de datos, la lactancia materna se representa de forma sistemática como el método óptimo y moralmente deseable de alimentación infantil, a menudo respaldado por referencias a la autoridad científica que refuerzan supuestos normativos sobre la responsabilidad materna. A pesar de estas similitudes, el análisis también pone de relieve diferencias translingüísticas en el énfasis discursivo. El discurso mediático italiano tiende a destacar infraestructuras de apoyo e iniciativas institucionales destinadas a facilitar la lactancia, mientras que la prensa anglófona la enmarca con mayor frecuencia a través de narrativas de desafío individual, responsabilidad personal y promoción de la salud pública. Los resultados muestran cómo el discurso mediático contribuye a la moralización de la maternidad al construir la lactancia materna no solo como una recomendación sanitaria, sino también como un referente normativo de la “buena maternidad”.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Fabio Cangero

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
