Espacios públicos ‘desplazados’ en ciudades ucranianas: aumento de la diversidad y la inclusión en la reconstrucción urbana a través de la ocupación temporal

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2024229877

Palabras clave:

procesos urbanos colectivos, espacio público, temporalidad, patrimonio inmaterial, urbicidio, desplazados internos, reconstrucción urbana

Resumen

Esta investigación aborda las trágicas consecuencias del “urbicidio,” la destrucción deliberada de los entornos urbanos. Mientras que el “urbicidio” borra el patrimonio físico y cultural, los fenómenos urbanos “temporales” pueden conducir al desarrollo de un nuevo patrimonio tangible e intangible, que podría impulsar la reconstrucción y la transformación. Estos espacios urbanos temporales son el resultado de acciones colectivas que indican diversas formas de “agencia,” negociación y toma de decisiones, y pueden conducir a procesos urbanos alternativos, caracterizados por el sentido de pertenencia y la participación social a través de la “temporalidad.” A través de una metodología que aplica estudio de caso involucrando dos ciudades en Ukrania, la investigación sostiene que, si el uso temporal del espacio interactúa con su apropiación informal, esto puede conducir a un liderazgo colectivo a largo plazo y a niveles crecientes de “autonomía” en la creación de espacio urbano. Estos procesos de transformación urbana, por lo tanto, exigen acciones colectivas que respondan a las necesidades locales y al patrimonio compartido, generando espacio urbano y valores culturales. Al explorar las ciudades de Ivano-Frankivsk y Lviv, ésta investigación descubre el potencial de este nuevo patrimonio intangible, que surge del uso temporal de espacios urbanos por parte de desplazados internos (PDI), para contribuir a la reconstrucción urbana del posconflicto e identifica las condiciones bajo las cuales se puede lograr desarrollos urbanos más inclusivos y con mayor diversidad, capaces de contrarrestar los efectos del “urbicidio”.

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Biografía del autor/a

Maria Soledad Garcia Ferrari, University of Edinburgh

Professor in Global Urbanism and Resilience, University of Edinburgh. Professionally qualified in Architecture and Urbanism in Uruguay, Soledad has extensive expertise in sustainable planning in Latin American cities, with a focus on community-empowerment, participatory and co-creation processes in the production and management of the built environment, towards increasing resilience and adaptation to climate change. She leads action research focused on community-led climate change-related risk management in Mexico and Colombia. She is currently Dean International for the College of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, Dean for Latin America and Director of the Centre for Contemporary Latin American Studies at the University of Edinburgh.

Kostyantyn Mezentsev, National University of Kyiv

Professor and Head of the Department of Economic and Social Geography at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. His recent research examines the transformation of post-Soviet urban regions and cities, public spaces and new-build gentrification, suburban development, urban geopolitics, and IDPs issues. He is co-editor of the book Urban Ukraine: In the Epicentre of the Spatial Changes (2017) and has recently contributed to Urban Planning During Socialism: Views from the Periphery (Routledge, 2023). He is involved into the international multi-disciplinary research project Ukrainian geopolitical fault-line cities: urban identities, geopolitics and urban policy (2018-2023)

Nataliia Provotar, National University of Kyiv

Associate Professor at the Department of Economic and Social Geography, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Her recent research interests include post-socialist urban transformations, urban public spaces, suburban development, gender issues, socio-spatial inequality, and migration in Ukraine. She is co-editor of Urban Ukraine: in the Epicenter of the Spatial Changes (2017). She is involved into research projects on Kyiv metropolitan region (2019-2023) and comparative study of changing everyday practices in suburban spaces in Austria and Ukraine (2019-2020).

Maritina Iliadi, University of Edinburgh

PhD Candidate in Architecture, Teaching Fellow in MSc Urban Strategies and Design, The University of Edinburgh. Maritina completed an architectural degree and professional qualification in Greece. She worked as an architect for almost 10 years in Greece, the United States and United Kingdom, in workplaces of diverse sizes and cultural backgrounds. She has been involved in the design of projects of varying complexity and scale, while also offering pro-bono design services to local low-income communities. Maritina has an MSc in Urban Strategies and Design, and is currently a PhD candidate in Architecture at the University of Edinburgh. Her research is focusing on placemaking theories and their potential to achieve resilience.

Nikolia-Sotiria Kartalou, University of Edinburgh

Teaching Fellow in Architecture at the Edinburgh School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture (E S A L A), University of Edinburgh. She holds a PhD in Architecture and an MSc in Architectural Conservation from the University of Edinburgh and a Diploma in Architecture Engineering from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Focusing on historic urban environments, her research and teaching explore methodologies that address and trace correspondences between architecture, heritage, culture and society. She is a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy and a contributor of the SAWH ‘Schools of Architecture + World Heritage’ network focusing on research and pedagogy.

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Publicado

2024-06-27

Cómo citar

Garcia Ferrari, M. S., Mezentsev, K., Provotar, N., Iliadi, M., & Kartalou, N.-S. (2024). Espacios públicos ‘desplazados’ en ciudades ucranianas: aumento de la diversidad y la inclusión en la reconstrucción urbana a través de la ocupación temporal. ZARCH, (22), 76–89. https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2024229877