Rural Electrification in Central America and East Africa, two case studies of sustainable microgrids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ried/ijds.254Keywords:
HOMER PRO, Optimization, Micro Grids, Rural electrification, Sustainable Energy Systems, Renewable ResourcesAbstract
This paper deals with the electrification of rural villages in developing countries using Sustainable Energy Systems. The rural electrification feasibility study is done using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable PRO (HOMER PRO). The HOMER PRO energy modeling software is an optimization software improved by U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It helps in designing, comparing and optimizing the design of power generation technologies.
In this paper, two rural electrification case studies are modelled and analysed using HOMER PRO. Technical and economic evaluation criteria are applied to study the feasibility of a micro-hydro plant in El Díptamo, Honduras, and a hybrid plant composed of photovoltaic panels arrays, an electrical generator, and flow batteries, in a small island on Victoria Lake. For both cases, we show the results of the studies of daily and yearly load, of the resources available in the area and the economic evaluation of the chosen plants configuration.
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References
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ORECCHINI F, MICANGELI A, POLLINI I, SANTIANGELI A, DEL CAMPO L, ZUCCARI F (2002). Comparison Between Simea and Seneca Methods for Social Impact Analysis of Energy Systems. In: New and Renewable Technologies for Sustainable Development, pp. 73-84.
TEN-PALOMARES M (2016). Energy for Freedom: reflections for a critical analysis of rural electrification projects. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies 5(2):140-159.
TORERO M (2015). Impact of Rural Electrification. MPRA 61425.
VECCHIONE L, MONETI M, COCCHI S, VILLARINI M, MICANGELI A (2013). Parametric experimental tests of steam gasification of pine wood in a fluidized bed reactor. Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44 (s2).
WORLD DATA BANK. http://data.worldbank.org, accessed July 21, 2017
ALVES L, MICANGELI A, DA GRAÇA CARVALHO M, GUALBERTI G (2009). Electricity privatizations in Sahel: A U-turn? Energy Policy 37(11):4189-4207.
ARRAMBIDE I, ZUBIA I, AZURZA O (2012). Rural electrification based on renewable energies, a review. International Conference on Renewable Energies and Power Quality, Santiago de Compostela.
BARRON M, TORERO M (2014). Household Electrification: Short‐Term Effects with Long‐Term Implications. Mimeo. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics. University of California, Berkeley.
BERNARD T, TORERO M (2009). Social Interaction Effects and Connection to Electricity: Experimental Evidence from Rural Ethiopia. Mimeo, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C.
BOCCI E, MONETI M, DI CARLO A, MICANGELI A, VILLARINI M (2014). State of art of small scale solar powered ORC systems: A review of the different typologies and technology perspectives. Energy Procedia 45:257-267.
BOCCI E, MICHELANGELI E, MICANGELI A, VILLARINI M, NASO V, RICCI M (2015). Experimental Tests of Solar Collectors Prototypes Systems. Energy Procedia 82:744-751.
CATALDO M, MICANGELI A (2013). Micro Hydro in Emergency Situations: A Sustainable Energy Solution at La Realidad (Chiapas, Mexico). Handbook of Sustainable Engineering:163-179.
CDIAC DATA (2014). http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/emis/top2014.tot , accessed October 15, 2017.
CEPAL CENTROÁMERICA (2014). Estadísticas de producción del subsector eléctrico, pp. 41-44.
DELL’ERA A, ZUCCARI F, SANTIANGELIA A, FIORIA C, MICANGELI A, ORECCHINI F (2013). Energy optimization and layout of a membrane-free OSEC system for the hypochlorite self-production in Developing Countries. Energy Conversion and Management 75:446-452.
DI CARLO A, BOCCI E, MICANGELI A, NASO V, SISINNI M (2013). Hydrogen-Rich gas production by sorption enhanced steam reforming of wood gas containing TAR over a commercial Ni catalyst and calcined dolomite as CO2 sorbent. Energies 6(7):3167-3181.
ESPOSTO S, MICANGELI A (2010). Post‐earthquake rehabilitation of the rural water systems in Kashmir’s Jehlum Valley. Disasters 34(3):684-694.
EVANGELISTI S, SBORDONE D, MICANGELI A (2013). Solar Thermal Energy. In: Encyclopedia of Environmental Management.
FERRARA V, MICANGELI A, URIBE L, PIETRELLI A (2015). Efficient energy harvesting for Microbial Fuel Cell dedicated to Wireless Sensor Network. AISEM Annual Conference.
FIHA (FUNDACIÓN HONDUREÑA DE INVESTIGACIÓN AGRÍCOLA) (2009). Guía metodológica para el establecimiento de microcentrales en áreas rurales. Hondupress Litografía.
GREGO S, ESPOSTO S, MICANGELI A (2013). Sustainable Rehabilitation of Water Infrastructures in Southern Iraq After the Second Gulf War. In: Handbook of Sustainable Engineering, pp. 211-245.
HARVEY A, BROWN A, HETTIARACHI P, INVERSIN A. (1993). Micro-Hydro design manual: A guide to small scale power schemes Practical Action Publishing Ltd. Warwickshire CV23 9QZ, UK.
HOMER ENERGY. http://www.homerenergy.com, accessed May 5, 2017.
IANNUZZO N, ESPOSTO S, MICANGELI A (2013). Chlorine self-production plant solution for effluent water to be used in irrigation in gaza strip. In: Handbook of Sustainable Engineering, pp. 117-136.
IEG (2008). The welfare impact of rural electrification: a reassessment of cost and benefits. The World Bank, Washington, D.C., 2008.
KURDGELASHVILI L, TAMINIAU J, BYRNE J (2012). Social Change to Avert Further Climate Change: defining the scale of change and principles to guide a new strategy. In: Energy and environment.
LILIENTHAL P, GILMANN P, LAMBERT T (2006) Micropower System Modelling with Homer. In: Integration of Alternative Sources of Energy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New Jersey.
MICANGELI A, ESPOSTO S, GREGO S (2004a). Water purification in the Middle East crisis: A survey on WTP and CU in Basrah (Iraq) area within a research and development program. Desalination 165:73-79.
MICANGELI A, ESPOSTO S, GREGO S (2004b). Sustainable water treatment and chlorine production in emergency conditions in South Iraq. In: Desalination, pp. 123-132.
MICANGELI A, FREY S, MANCINI F (2012). Sustainable approach to providing hygiene in poor, arid regions. Field experience in the Western Sahara forgotten crisis. Journal of Sustainable Water and Environmental Systems 4(1):73-77.
MICANGELI A, FERRARA V, RAFFI A, PIETRELLI A (2014a). Wireless sensor network powered by a terrestrial microbial fuel cell as a sustainable land monitoring energy system. Sustainability 6(10):7263-7275.
MICANGELI A, NASO V, MICHELANGELI E, DI MARIO L, GAMBINO V (2014b). A Sustainable and Resilient Housing Model for Indigenous Populations of the Mosquitia Region (Honduras). Sustainability 6(8):4931-4948.
MICANGELI A, NASO V, MICHELANGELI E, MATRISCIANO A, FARIOLI F, BELFIORE NP (2014c). Attitudes toward sustainability and green economy issues related to some students learning their characteristics: A preliminary study. Sustainability 6(6):3484-3503.
MICANGELI A, DEL CITTO R, KIVA IN, SANTORI SG, GAMBINO V, KIPLAGAT J, VIGANÒ D, FIORITI D, POLI D (2017). Energy Production Analysis and Optimization of Mini-Grid in Remote Areas: The Case Study of Habaswein, Kenya. Energies 10:2041.
MICHELANGELI E, NASO V, MICANGELI A (2013). Sustainability after the thermal energy supply in emergency situations: The case study of Abruzzi Earthquake (Italy). Sustainability 5(8):3513-3525.
MICHELANGELI E, NASO V, IANNUZZO N, MICANGELI A (2013). The Potential in Water Supply and Sanitation Services of the On Site Production of Sodium Hypochlorite (OSEC) Driven by PV Solar Source. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy:311-325.
MICHELANGELI E, RICCI M, SCIUBBA E, MICANGELI A (2014). Exergy-Based Analysis of an Isolated Honduras Community. ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition.
MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL DEVELOPMENT (2014). Statistical Abstract 2014. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, Kampala, 2014.
NASA. https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/sse/, accessed August 8, 2017.
NOUBONDIEU DEUSSOM BS, MICANGELI A, BOCCI E, MICHELANGELI E (2017). Water Purification Process in Remote Areas A More Sustainable Way Using OSEC Technology and An Off Grid Photovoltaic Plant. Application in Cameroon West Region ‒ Haut Nkam Division Locality of Bankondji 2017. International Journal of Engineering & Technical Research 4.
ORECCHINI F, MICANGELI A, POLLINI I, SANTIANGELI A, DEL CAMPO L, ZUCCARI F (2002). Comparison Between Simea and Seneca Methods for Social Impact Analysis of Energy Systems. In: New and Renewable Technologies for Sustainable Development, pp. 73-84.
TEN-PALOMARES M (2016). Energy for Freedom: reflections for a critical analysis of rural electrification projects. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies 5(2):140-159.
TORERO M (2015). Impact of Rural Electrification. MPRA 61425.
VECCHIONE L, MONETI M, COCCHI S, VILLARINI M, MICANGELI A (2013). Parametric experimental tests of steam gasification of pine wood in a fluidized bed reactor. Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44 (s2).
WORLD DATA BANK. http://data.worldbank.org, accessed July 21, 2017
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Published
2018-11-05
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Micangeli, A., Del-Citto, R., Checchi, F., Viganò, D., Nouboundieu, S., & Cestari, G. (2018). Rural Electrification in Central America and East Africa, two case studies of sustainable microgrids. Iberoamerican Journal of Development Studies, 7(2), 82–113. https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ried/ijds.254
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Copyright (c) 2018 Andrea Micangeli, Riccardo Del-Citto, Francesco Checchi, Daniele Viganò, Serge Nouboundieu, Giulia Cestari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
