Factores sociodemográficos, salud mental y redes sociales: un estudio comparativo sobre la conducta suicida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ais/accionesinvestigsoc.2023448999Palabras clave:
Suicidio, determinantes sociales de la salud, redes sociales, depresión, comorbilidad psiquiátricaResumen
Introducción: El suicidio es un creciente problema de salud pública. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la ideación, planificación y/o conducta suicida en relación a factores sociodemográficos, estado de salud mental y uso de redes sociales. Se comparó un grupo de personas con conducta suicida con otro grupo sin conducta suicida, emparejados por sexo y edad.
Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal comparativo. La variable de resultado fue la conducta suicida. Se recopilaron datos sobre variables sociodemográficas, salud mental y uso de redes sociales. Se utilizaron los estadísticos chi-cuadrado y T de student y se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión logística multivariante.
Resultados: Se contó con la participación de 102 sujetos, 51 de ellos con ideación o intento suicida, y 51 de ellos sin ideación suicida en el último año. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre estos grupos en cuanto a variables sociodemográficas e historial de diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Según el análisis multivariante, los factores asociados con la conducta autolítica incluyen no estar trabajando (estudiar, desempleo, jubilado, o con incapacidad temporal o permanente) (B: 1,193, Odds ratio: 3,298), haber presentado un episodio depresivo el año anterior (B: -2,350, Odds ratio: 0,095), y haber experimentado un trastorno de ansiedad (B: -1,659, Odds ratio: 0,190). El modelo muestra una Rcuadrado de Cox y Snell de 0,418.
Conclusiones: Estos resultados confirman la existencia de un perfil de personas en riesgo de conducta suicida. El uso diferencial de redes sociales puede servir para la evaluación ecológica instantánea de riesgo.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Claudia García-Martínez, Séfora Ene Gimeno, Samara Sáez Martínez
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Aceptado 2023-06-05
Publicado 2023-11-14
