Diferencias de género en la relación entre factores personales intrínsecos y la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva de una población trabajadora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ais/accionesinvestigsoc.2024459727Palabras clave:
Salud Mental, depresión, ansiedad, determinantes sociales de la salud, roles de géneroResumen
Introducción: Los trastornos afectivos son un problema de salud con un gran impacto en el funcionamiento psicosocial y calidad de vida de las personas que los sufren. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la analizar diferencias por género en la asociación entre los factores personales intrínsecos y la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa de una población trabajadora.
Métodos: Se realizaron análisis descriptivo, bivariante y multivariante de datos de 242 individuos en edad laboral activa, entrevistados entre julio de 2021 y julio de 2022. El resultado primario fue la gravedad de la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa como variable continua.
Resultados: La prevalencia de síntomas depresivos en nuestra muestra es del 22,22% en mujeres y del 6,54 en varones, mientras la prevalencia de sintomatología ansiosa fue similar en ambos sexos (21,50% en varones y 25,19% en mujeres). En varones, la alta autoestima (β = −0,300; p=0,022) y una mayor edad (β = −0,210; p=0,031) son factores protectores de sintomatología depresiva y, la alta autoestima (β = −0,269; p=0,005) y la alta activación (β = −0,031; p=0,049) en la sintomatología ansiosa. Mientras, en las mujeres, una mayor autoeficacia y un mayor sentido de coherencia son factores protectores de la sintomatología depresiva (β = −0,250, p=0,004; β = −0,244, p=0,005) y ansiosa (β = −0,254, p=0,004; β = −0,178, p=0,040).
Conclusión: Las mujeres trabajadoras tienen más sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa que sus homólogos masculinos. Existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en los factores personales intrínsecos que influyen en los síntomas depresivos y ansiosos.
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Números de la subvención PI19/01076
Aceptado 2023-11-04
Publicado 2024-07-15
