Cognition and Technology in Education: Knowledge and Information - Language and Discourse

Authors

  • Robert de Beaugrande Universidad Federal da Paraíba in Joao Pessoa (Brazil)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.200210418

Keywords:

education, knowledge, information, technology, information technology, hypertechnology, hypertext, multimedia, language laboratory, programmed instruction, constructionism, intertextuality

Abstract

Almost from the beginnings of education, technologies in a broad sense have been present, each with its own merits and drawbacks. Computer technology has been hailed with great promise, but early results have been disappointing insofar as computer limitations have been added to human limitations. After differentiating between knowledge and information and tracing the history of technology in education as an information-catered enterprise, this paper explores the prospects for real progress from hypertechnology and describes some model projects.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ANDERSON, Thomas H. and Shang-Cheng CHIU HUAN, 1989. On Using Concept Maps to Assess the Comprehension Effects of Reading Expository Text. Urbana: Center for the Study of Reading. Technical Report 483.

ANYON, Jean, 1981. “Social class and school knowledge” Curriculum Inquiry 1/1: 3-42.

APPLE, Michael. 1982. Education and Power,Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul,

ARONOWITZ, Stanley and Henry GIROUX. 1983, Education under Siege: The Conservative, Liberal, and Radical Debate over Schooling. South Hadley, MA: Bergin and Garvey.

AYERSMAN, David J. 1995, “Effects of knowledge representation format and hypermedia instruction in metacognitive accuracy” Computers in Human Behavior 11:533-555,

BARBA, Roberta H. 1993. “The effects of embedding an instructional map in hypermedia courseware” Journal of Research on Computing in Education 25: 405-412.

BEASLEY, Robert and Michael L. Wauch. 1995. “Cognitive mapping architectures and hypermedia disorientation: An empirical study” Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia 4: 239-255.

BEAUGRANDE, Robert de. 1980. Text, Discourse, and Process. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex.

—. 1982. “The story of grammars and the grammar of stories” Journal of Pragmatics 6, 1982: 383-422.

—. 1984, Text Production. Norwood, N.d.: Ablex.

—. 1985, "Composition textbooks: Ethnography and proposal! Written Communication 2: 391-413.

—. 2001a. "If | were you...'; Language Standards and Corpus Data in EF”, Revista Brasileira de Lingúística Aplicada. 1/11: 117-154.

—. 2001b, “Peer review is far from peerless” Posted in “Whats new” at www.beaugrande.com.

BENJAMIN, Ludy. 1988. “A history of teaching machines? American Psychologist 49: 703- 712.

BEREITER, Carl and Marlene SCARDAMALIA. 1992. “Cognition and curriculum” in Jackson. (ed.).: 517-542.

BOBROW, Daniel G. 1998. It Takes an (Extended Internet) Community to Teach a Child. Palo Alto: Xerox PARC.

BOWLES, Samuel and Herbert GINTIS. 1977 Schooling In Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life. New York: Basic Books.

BRAVERMAN, Harry. 1974. Labor and Monopoly Capital. New York: Monthly Review Press.

BROOKS, Nelson H. 1960. Language and Language Learning.: Theory and Practice. New York: Harcourt Brace and World.

BROOKS, Jacqueline Grennon and Martin BROOKS. 1993. In Search of Understanding: The Case for Constructivist Classrooms. Nevada City, CA: Performance Learning Systems.

BROWN, John Seely, Allan COLLINS and Paul DUGUID. 1989. “Situated cognition and the culture of learning”? Educational Researcher 18: 32-42.

BROWN, John Seely and Paul DUGUID, 1995. Universities in the Digital Age. Palo Alto: Heldref Corporation.

CALFEE, Robert. 1981. “Cognitive psychology and educational practice” In Berliner, D, C. [ed.). A Review of Research in Education, Vol.9. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association: 3-74,

CHO, Yonjoo. 1995. “Learner control, cognitive processes, and hypertext learning environments” In Proceedings of the National Educational Computing Conference, NECC 195. Ed. D. Harris and R. Bailey. Baltimore: Towson State University: 289-293.

COHEN, D, K. 1987. “Educational technology, policy, and practice” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 9: 153-170.

COLLINS, Allan and Ross QuILLIAM. 1969. “Retrieval from semantic memory” Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 8: 240-247.

COLLINS, Randall. 1979. The Credential Society. New York: Academic.

CONKLIN, J. 1986, “Hypertext: An introduction and survey” IEEE Computing 20: 17-41.

CUBAN, Larry. 1986. Teachers and Machines: The Classroom Use of Technology Since 1920. New York: Teachers College Press.

DARLING-HAMMOND, Linda and Jon SNYDER. 1992. “Curriculum studies and the traditions of inquiry: The scientific tradition” In Jackson. (ed.).: 41-78.

DEWEY, John, 1916, Democracy and Education. New York: Macmillan.

DIJK, Teun van and Walter KiNTscH. 1983. Strategies of Discourse Compre-hension. New York: Academic.

EBERSOLE, S. 1997. “Cognitive issues in the design and deployment of interactive hypermedia” interpersonal Computing and Technology 5/1-2: 19-36,

EKLUND, J. 1995. “Cognitive models for structuring hypermedia and implications for learning from the world-wide web” Paper at The First Australian WorldWideWeb Conference.

FINDLER, Nicholas. [ed.). 1979. Associative Networks: The Representation and Use of Knowledge in Computers. New York Academic Press.

FREIRE, Paolo. (1970) 1985. Pedagogiá do oprimido. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Paz eTerra,

GAINES, B: R. and M. L. G. SHaw. 1995, “Concept maps as hypermedia components” international Journal of Human-Computer Studies 43/3: 323-361.

GALTUNG, Johan. 1971. “A structural theory of imperialism.” Journal of Peace Research 8/2: 81-117.

GEE, James P. 1992, The Social Mind: Language, Ideology, and Social Practice. New York: Bergin & Garvey.

GLASER, Robert. 1965. Teaching Machines and Programmed Learning. Washington, DC: National Education Association.

GRAMSCI, Antonio. (ca. 1933) 1991a. ”On education” In Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci. London: Lawrence and Wishart: 24-43.

—. 199a. “The intellectuals” In Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci. London: Lawrence and Wishart: 5-23.

HALLIDAY, M. A. K. 1994, Language in a Changing World. Sydney: Australian Association of Applied Linguistics.

HODAS, Steven. 1993. “Technology refusal and the organizational culture of schools” Educational Policy Analysis Archives 1/10,

JACKSON, Philip. W. (ed.). 1992. Handbook of Curriculum Research. New York: Macmillan.

KINTSCH, Walter. 1977, Memory and Cognition. New York: Wiley.

—. 1988, “The role of knowledge in discourse comprehension: A “construction-integration model: Psychological Review 95/2; 163-182.

—. 1998, Comprehension: A Paradigm for Cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge U, P.

KULIK, J, A., C.C. KULIK and PA. COHCA, 1980. “Effectiveness of computer based college teaching: A net analysis of findings” Review of Educational Research 50: 525-544.

LAVE, y. and E. WENGER. 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. New York: Cambridge U. A

LEMKE, Jay. 1990, Talking Science. Norwood, Ny: Ablex.

—. 1993. “Hypermedia and higher education. interpersonal Computing and Technology 1/2.

—. 1994, “The coming paradigm wars in education: Curriculum versus information access” Paper at the Computers, Freedom, and Privacy Conference, The John Marshall Law School, Chicago, March 1994,

MACNEILAGE, Peter. 1980. “Speech production” Language and Speech 23: 3-23.

MARTIN, H. PR. and H. Schumann. 1996. Die Globalisierungsfalle: Der Angriff auf Demokratie und Wohlstand. Reinbek. Bei Hamburg: Rowohlt.

MASLOW, Abraham. 1954. Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper and Row.

MCGANN, Jerome, 1996. Radiant Textuality. Charlottesville: University of Virginia's Institute for Advanced Technology.

MCKENZIE, Jamie. 1994. “From technology refusal to technology acceptance: A reprise” Educational Technology Journal 4/2.

MET, Miriam and Vicki GALLOWAY. 1992. Research in foreign language curriculum. In Jackson. (ed,).: 852-890.

MITRA, S. and S. MITRA. 1996. Education and Technology. New Delhi: Centre for Educational Technology.

NELSON, Ted H. 1965, Literary Machines. Self-published.

NIEMIC, R. and H. J. WALBERG. 1987 “Comparative effects of computer assisted instruction: A synthesis of reviews” Journal of Educational Computer Research 3/1: 19-27.

NORMAN, Donald and Tim SHALLICE. 1980. Attention to Action: Willed and Automatic Control of Behavior. La Jolla: CHIP Report 99.

PAPERT, Seymour. 1980. Mindstorms: Computers, Children, and Powerful Ideas, New York: Basic Books.

PAYNE, David 'G. et al. 1993. “Cognitive processing and hypermedia comprehension: A preliminary synthesis” Advances in Human Factors; Ergonomics 19B: 633-638.

PRESSEY, Sidney. 1926. “A simple apparatus which gives tests and scores and teaches”. School and Society 23: 373-378.

REED, W. 1998, “Introduction to Hypermedia as a Knowledge Construction System” Computers in Human Behavior 11: 601-503.

RIVERS, Wilga M. 1964. The Psychologist and the Foreign Language Teacher. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

ROMBERG, Thomas. 1992. “Problematic features of the school mathematics curriculum” In Jackson. (ed.).: 749-788.

ROUET, J. F, y, J, J. LEVONEN, A, DILLON and R J. SPIRO. (eds.). 1996. Hypertext and Cognition, Mahwah, Ny: Lawrence Erlbaum,

SCHRAMM, W. 1964. The Research on Programmed Instruction: An Annotated Bibliography. Washington D.C.: U.S. Office of Education.

SHUM, Simon. 1990. “Real and virtual spaces: Mapping from spatial cogni-tion to hypertext” Hypermedia 2: 133-158.

SKINNER, B.R 1935. “The generic nature of the concepts of stimulus and response” Journal of General Psychology 12: 40-65.

—. 1938. The Behavior of Organisms. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

—. 1957 Verbal Behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

—. 1963. “Reflections on a decade of teaching machines” Teachers College Record 65: 168-177.

—. 1968. The Technology of Teaching. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

—. 1986. “Programmed instruction revisited”. Phi Delta Kappa 68: 103-110.

SPIRO, Rand J. and Jihn-Chang JEHNG. 1990. “Cognitive flexibility and hypertext: Theory and technology for the nonlinear and multi- dimensional traversal of complex subject matter” In Don Nix and Rand Spiro. (eds.). Cognition, Education, and Multimedia. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum: 163-205.

STEBELMAN, S. 1997. Hypertext and Hypermedia: A Select Bibliography. Washington, D.C.: George Washington. University.

THESIGER, Wilfred. (1959) 1994, Arabian Sands. Dubai: Motivate.

THORNDIKE, Edward L. 1911. Animal Intelligence. New York: Macmillan.

—. 1931. Human Learning. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

THURING, Manfred, Jörg HANNEMANN and Jörg HAAKE. 1995. “Hypermedia and cognition: Designing tor comprehension” Communications of the ACM 38/8: 67-66.

TOULMIN, Stephen. 1972. Human Understanding: The Collective Use and Evolution of Concepts, Princeton, NJ: Princeton U. PE

TYACK, David B. 1974. The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U. R

VEBLEN, Thorsten. 1918. Higher Learning in America. New York: Macmillan.

VENEZKY, Richard. 1992. “Textbooks in school and society” In Philip. W. Jackson. (ed.). Handbook of Curriculum Research. New York: Macmillan: 436-461.

WERTHEIMER, Michael. 1959. Productive Thinking. New York: Harper and Row.

WRIGHT, P (1993). “To jump or not to jump: Strategy selection while reading electronic texts” In C. McKnight, A. Dillon and J. Richardson. (eds.). Hypertext: A Psychological Perspective (pp). New York: Ellis Horwood: 137-152.

Downloads

Published

2002-12-31

How to Cite

Robert de Beaugrande. (2002). Cognition and Technology in Education: Knowledge and Information - Language and Discourse. Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies, 25, 11–52. https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.200210418

Issue

Section

ARTICLES: Language and linguistics