La política de inserción por la economía en Francia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ais/ais.200927348Abstract
En las últimas tres décadas, Francia ha reconocido un derecho a la inserción a las personas que se hallaban en una situación de vulnerabilidad social, a pesar de que puedan distinguirse varios periodos. La aprobación de la Renta Mínima de Inserción (RMI) y la creación de estructuras especializadas en la inserción por la economía, especialmente en dirección de los jóvenes, han significado un cambio de filosofía, puesto que se abandona el derecho a la asistencia para acceder al derecho a la inserción. Gracias a unos cambios legislativos, con la aprobación de la ley de lucha contra las exclusiones y de la ley de cohesión social, esta política ha dado lugar, por una parte, a la creación de estructuras adecuadas, sinónimas de empresas de inserción, de asociaciones intermedias, de entidades de inserción o de agrupaciones de empleadores, y, por otra parte, a la aprobación de unas medidas individuales que se parecen a unos contratos subvencionados. La inserción por la actividad económica pretende favorecer la reinserción laboral de unos colectivos marginados, lo que supone unas condiciones previas en materia de salud, de habilidades sociales y de capacidades cognitivas.
In the last three decades, France has recognized a right to the insertion to the persons who were situated in a situation of social vulnerability, in spite of the fact that several periods could be distinguished.
The approval of the Minimal Revenue of Insertion (RMI) and the creation of structures specialized in the insertion by the economy, specially in direction of the young persons, have meant a change of philosophy, since the right of the assistance to the right of the insertion.
Thanks to a few legislative changes, with the approval of the law of fight against the exclusions and the law of social cohesion, this policy has given place, on one hand, to the creation of suitable structures, synonymous of companies of insertion, of intermediate associations, of entities of insertion or of employers' groups, and, on the other hand, the approval of a few individual measures that are feigned for helped contracts.
The insertion for the economic activity tries to favor the labour rehabilitation of a few isolated groups, which supposes a few previous conditions as for health, social skills and cognitive capacities.
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Accepted 2011-04-08