Gender differences in the relationship between intrinsic personal factors and the anxious and depressive symptomatology of a working population
Keywords:
Mental health, depression, anxiety, social determinants of health, gender rolesAbstract
Introduction: Affective disorders are health problems with a significant impact on the psychosocial functioning and quality of life of people who suffer from them. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse gender differences in the association between intrinsic personal factors and depressive and anxious symptoms in a working population.
Methods: Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed on data from 242 individuals of active working age interviewed between July 2021 and July 2022. The primary outcome was the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms as a continuous variable.
Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in our sample is 22.22% in women and 6.54% in men, while the prevalence of anxious symptoms was similar in both sexes (21.50% in men and 25.19% in women). In men, high self-esteem (β = −0.300; p=0.022) and older age (β = −0.210; p=0.031) are protective factors for depressive symptoms, and high self-esteem (β = −0.269; p=0.005) and high activation (β = −0.031; p=0.049) in anxious symptomatology. Meanwhile, in women, greater self-efficacy and a greater sense of coherence are protective factors for depressive (β = −0.250, p=0.004; β = −0.244, p=0.005) and anxious symptoms (β = −0.254, p=0.004; β = −0.178, p=0.040).
Conclusion: Women workers have more depressive and anxious symptoms than their male counterparts. There are differences between men and women in the intrinsic personal factors that influence depressive and anxious symptoms.
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III
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Accepted 2023-11-04
