De refugio a comunidad: El enfoque de Frederick Cuny en la asistencia post-desastre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2024229788Palabras clave:
Frederick Cuny, John F.C. Turner, refugiados, planificación de campos, ayuda post-desastre, participación comunitaria, desarrollo sostenibleResumen
Este artículo examina la influencia de Frederick Cuny, humanitario cuya labor revolucionó la ayuda post-desastre y el diseño de campos de refugiados. Explora el legado de Cuny en la remodelación de las nociones de permanencia y temporalidad en los campos de refugiados y post-desastre, desdibujando los límites entre estos y las ciudades. El planteamiento de Cuny desafió los rígidos trazados tradicionales e hizo hincapié en los diseños descentralizados basados en la comunidad que priorizaban los espacios abiertos. Sus principios de participación comunitaria, desarrollo (en vez de simple ayuda) y transición de suministrar refugio a construir vivienda – ideas ligadas al trabajo de John F.C. Turner - siguen conformando las estrategias contemporáneas de gestión de catástrofes. A través de dos casos estudio en los que Cuny estuvo incolucrado, Camp Choloma y Programa Kuchuba’l, el artículo también subraya el vínculo vital entre la organización espacial de los campos y su dinámica social, mostrando cómo, en muchos casos, evolucionan hasta convertirse en comunidades permanentes. El trabajo de Cuny sigue siendo muy pertinente a la hora de abordar los retos modernos, como las catástrofes naturales, las crisis de refugiados y la vivienda informal.
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